Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर का चयन कीजिए:
|
List - I
सूची - I
Nuclear Reaction
नाभिकीय अभिक्रिया
|
List - II
सूची - II
Emitted Particle
उत्सर्जित कण
|
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|---|---|---|---|
| A | ${}^{222}_{86}\text{Rn} \longrightarrow {}^{218}_{84}\text{Po}$ ${}^{222}_{86}\text{Rn} \longrightarrow {}^{218}_{84}\text{Po}$ | I | $\beta^+$ particle $\beta^+$ कण |
| B | ${}^{214}_{83}\text{Bi} \longrightarrow {}^{214}_{84}\text{Po}$ ${}^{214}_{83}\text{Bi} \longrightarrow {}^{214}_{84}\text{Po}$ | II | $\beta^-$ particle $\beta^-$ कण |
| C | ${}^{234}_{90}\text{Th} \longrightarrow {}^{234}_{92}\text{U}$ ${}^{234}_{90}\text{Th} \longrightarrow {}^{234}_{92}\text{U}$ | III | $\alpha$ particle $\alpha$ कण |
| D | ${}^{22}_{11}\text{Na} \longrightarrow {}^{22}_{10}\text{Ne}$ ${}^{22}_{11}\text{Na} \longrightarrow {}^{22}_{10}\text{Ne}$ | IV | $2\beta^-$ particles $2\beta^-$ कण |
Analysis of nuclear reactions by change in mass number $\Delta A$ and atomic number $\Delta Z$:
- Reaction A: ${}^{222}_{86}\text{Rn} \longrightarrow {}^{218}_{84}\text{Po} + {}^{4}_{2}\text{He}$. Here $\Delta A = -4, \Delta Z = -2$, which represents an $\alpha$ particle emission (Matches III).
- Reaction B: ${}^{214}_{83}\text{Bi} \longrightarrow {}^{214}_{84}\text{Po} + {}^{0}_{-1}e$. Here $\Delta A = 0, \Delta Z = +1$, which represents a $\beta^-$ particle emission (Matches II).
- Reaction C: ${}^{234}_{90}\text{Th} \longrightarrow {}^{234}_{92}\text{U} + 2\,({}^{0}_{-1}e)$. Here $\Delta A = 0, \Delta Z = +2$, which corresponds to emission of $2\beta^-$ particles (Matches IV).
- Reaction D: ${}^{22}_{11}\text{Na} \longrightarrow {}^{22}_{10}\text{Ne} + {}^{0}_{+1}e$. Here $\Delta A = 0, \Delta Z = -1$, which represents a $\beta^+$ (positron) particle emission (Matches I).
Correct match: A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I.
द्रव्यमान संख्या $\Delta A$ तथा परमाणु क्रमांक $\Delta Z$ में परिवर्तन के आधार पर नाभिकीय अभिक्रियाओं का विश्लेषण:
- अभिक्रिया A: ${}^{222}_{86}\text{Rn} \to {}^{218}_{84}\text{Po} + {}^{4}_{2}\text{He}$। यहाँ $\Delta A = -4, \Delta Z = -2$, जो $\alpha$ कण उत्सर्जन को दर्शाता है (III से सुमेलित)।
- अभिक्रिया B: ${}^{214}_{83}\text{Bi} \to {}^{214}_{84}\text{Po} + {}^{0}_{-1}e$। यहाँ $\Delta A = 0, \Delta Z = +1$, जो $\beta^-$ कण उत्सर्जन को दर्शाता है (II से सुमेलित)।
- अभिक्रिया C: ${}^{234}_{90}\text{Th} \to {}^{234}_{92}\text{U} + 2\,({}^{0}_{-1}e)$। यहाँ $\Delta A = 0, \Delta Z = +2$, जो $2\beta^-$ कणों के उत्सर्जन को दर्शाता है (IV से सुमेलित)।
- अभिक्रिया D: ${}^{22}_{11}\text{Na} \to {}^{22}_{10}\text{Ne} + {}^{0}_{+1}e$। यहाँ $\Delta A = 0, \Delta Z = -1$, जो $\beta^+$ (पॉज़िट्रॉन) कण उत्सर्जन को दर्शाता है (I से सुमेलित)।
सही सुमेलन: A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I।