Q.49
ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Physical Science
Arranging Order +4 −1
English हिन्दी

Following are four stages of gully development. Arrange these in order:

(A) . Healing stage
(B) . Development stage
(C) . Stabilization stage
(D) . Formation stage

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

गली (अवनलिका) विकास के चार चरण निम्नलिखित हैं। इन्हें सही क्रम में व्यवस्थित करें:

(A) . उपचार चरण (Healing stage)
(B) . विकास चरण (Development stage)
(C) . स्थिरीकरण चरण (Stabilization stage)
(D) . निर्माण चरण (Formation stage)

नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर चुनें:

EXPLANATION Soil Erosion (Water and Wind), Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and Soil Conservation Practices

According to C. E. Ramser and standard soil conservation engineering, gully erosion progresses through four distinct chronological stages:

  • Stage 1: Formation stage (D) - Initial scouring of topsoil, waterfall erosion at gully head, and cutting down through the B/C horizons.
  • Stage 2: Development stage (B) - Rapid up-stream advancement of the gully head, deepening of the channel bed, and widening through bank undercutting and slumping.
  • Stage 3: Healing stage (A) - Graded channel profile forms, vegetation starts colonizing the banks and floor, slowing down erosion.
  • Stage 4: Stabilization stage (C) - Stable gradient achieved, banks settle to their natural angle of repose, and continuous vegetative cover completely stabilizes the gully.
    Correct sequential order: (D), (B), (A), (C).

सी. ई. रामसेर (C. E. Ramser) और मृदा संरक्षण विज्ञान के अनुसार अवनलिका (Gully) विकास के चार क्रमिक चरण होते हैं:

  • प्रथम चरण: निर्माण चरण (Formation stage - D) - ऊपरी मृदा का कटाव और अवनलिका के शीर्ष पर जलप्रपात जैसी कटाई की शुरुआत।
  • द्वितीय चरण: विकास चरण (Development stage - B) - अवनलिका का तेजी से ऊपर की ओर बढ़ना (headward erosion), किनारों का धंसना और गहराई व चौड़ाई में तीव्र वृद्धि।
  • तृतीय चरण: उपचार चरण (Healing stage - A) - कटाव की गति धीमी होना तथा अवनलिका के तल और किनारों पर प्राकृतिक वनस्पतियों का उगना शुरू होना।
  • चतुर्थ चरण: स्थिरीकरण चरण (Stabilization stage - C) - ढलान स्थिर होना, किनारों का प्राकृतिक विश्राम कोण (angle of repose) प्राप्त करना और स्थायी वानस्पतिक आवरण द्वारा पूर्ण स्थिरीकरण।
अतः सही क्रम (D), (B), (A), (C) है।
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