Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A) : Self-incompatibility, male sterility, and pistillate condition have one effect in common: they prevent self-pollination.
Reason (R) : Self-incompatibility and male sterility are used in hybrid seed production while pistillate condition is used in inbred development.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
नीचे दो कथन दिए गए हैं, एक को अभिकथन (A) और दूसरे को कारण (R) के रूप में लेबल किया गया है:
अभिकथन (A) : स्व-अनिषेच्यता (self-incompatibility), नर बाँझपन (male sterility), और स्त्री-केसरी अवस्था (pistillate condition) का एक सामान्य प्रभाव होता है: वे स्व-परागण को रोकते हैं।
कारण (R) : स्व-अनिषेच्यता और नर बाँझपन का उपयोग संकर बीज उत्पादन में किया जाता है जबकि स्त्री-केसरी अवस्था का उपयोग अंतःप्रजात विकास में किया जाता है।
उपरोक्त कथनों के आलोक में, नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर चुनिए:
Mechanisms Preventing Self-Pollination:
- Assertion (A) is TRUE: Self-incompatibility (physiological barrier), male sterility (lack of functional pollen), and pistillate condition (production of only female flowers, as in dioecious plants or gynoecious lines) all physically or genetically enforce cross-pollination by preventing self-fertilization.
- Reason (R) is FALSE: Pistillate lines (gynoecious lines) are widely utilized for commercial hybrid seed production—most notably in castor (Ricinus communis - e.g., VP-1, TSP 10R) and cucurbits (cucumber)—where 100% pistillate lines act as female parents without requiring emasculation. Inbred development, conversely, requires consecutive generations of selfing, which pistillate plants cannot achieve on their own without chemical sex reversion (e.g., silver nitrate/GA).
Therefore, (A) is true but (R) is false.
Correct Answer: Option 3.
विस्तृत व्याख्या:
Mechanisms Preventing Self-Pollination (स्व-परागण रोकने की प्रणालियाँ):
- Assertion (A) is TRUE: Self-incompatibility (physiological barrier), male sterility (lack of functional pollen), and pistillate condition (production of only female flowers, as in dioecious plants or gynoecious lines) all physically or genetically enforce cross-pollination by preventing self-fertilization.
- Reason (R) is FALSE: Pistillate lines (gynoecious lines) are widely utilized for commercial hybrid seed production—most notably in castor (Ricinus communis - e.g., VP-1, TSP 10R) and cucurbits (cucumber)—where 100% pistillate lines act as female parents without requiring emasculation. Inbred development, conversely, requires consecutive generations of selfing, which pistillate plants cannot achieve on their own without chemical sex reversion (e.g., silver nitrate/GA).
Therefore, (A) is true but (R) is false.
Correct Answer: Option 3.
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