Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A) : Incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity confuse the relationship between the genotype and phenotype.
Reason (R) : Progeny test for more than one generation may be used to study the nature of penetrance and expressivity, and to establish the genotype of a plant beyond reasonable doubt.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
नीचे दो कथन दिए गए हैं, एक को अभिकथन (A) और दूसरे को कारण (R) के रूप में लेबल किया गया है:
अभिकथन (A) : अपूर्ण प्रवेश्यता (Incomplete penetrance) और परिवर्तनशील अभिव्यक्तित्व (variable expressivity) जीनोटाइप और फेनोटाइप के बीच के संबंध को भ्रमित/जटिल कर देते हैं।
कारण (R) : प्रवेश्यता और अभिव्यक्तित्व की प्रकृति का अध्ययन करने और किसी पौधे के जीनोटाइप को संदेह से परे स्थापित करने के लिए एक से अधिक पीढ़ियों के संतति परीक्षण (progeny test) का उपयोग किया जा सकता है।
उपरोक्त कथनों के आलोक में, नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर चुनिए:
Penetrance, Expressivity, and Genotype Elucidation:
- Assertion (A) is TRUE: When individuals with the exact same genotype fail to show the trait (incomplete penetrance) or express it with varying degrees of severity (variable expressivity) due to modifier genes and environmental fluctuations, a simple 1-to-1 correspondence between genotype and phenotype breaks down, confounding phenotypic selection.
- Reason (R) is TRUE and correctly explains (A): Because individual phenotype cannot reliably reveal the underlying genotype in the presence of incomplete penetrance, multi-generational progeny testing is required to observe segregation patterns across large offspring populations and conclusively verify whether non-expressing or mildly-expressing individuals actually carry the mutant allele.
Therefore, both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Correct Answer: Option 1.
विस्तृत व्याख्या:
Penetrance, Expressivity, and Genotype Elucidation (प्रवेश्यता एवं संतति परीक्षण):
- Assertion (A) is TRUE: When individuals with the exact same genotype fail to show the trait (incomplete penetrance) or express it with varying degrees of severity (variable expressivity) due to modifier genes and environmental fluctuations, a simple 1-to-1 correspondence between genotype and phenotype breaks down, confounding phenotypic selection.
- Reason (R) is TRUE and correctly explains (A): Because individual phenotype cannot reliably reveal the underlying genotype in the presence of incomplete penetrance, multi-generational progeny testing is required to observe segregation patterns across large offspring populations and conclusively verify whether non-expressing or mildly-expressing individuals actually carry the mutant allele.
Therefore, both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Correct Answer: Option 1.
Explanation not matching this question?
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