Number of National Bureaus under ICAR system at present is

All Subjects General Agriculture, Crop Production & Soils Cell Biology, Genetics, Physiology, Biochemistry & Plant Protection Genetics, Plant Pathology, Seed Science & Agricultural Microbiology Food & Industrial Microbiology, Rural Development

Q.86

ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Plant Sciences

MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1

National Insect Museum (NIM) is situated in which city?

राष्ट्रीय कीट संग्रहालय (National Insect Museum / NIM) किस शहर में स्थित है?

Delhi दिल्ली Chennai चेन्नई Bengaluru बैंगलोर Hisar हिसार

Q.87

ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Plant Sciences

MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1

Number of National Bureaus under ICAR system at present is

वर्तमान में आईसीएआर (ICAR) प्रणाली के अंतर्गत राष्ट्रीय ब्यूरो (National Bureaus) की कुल संख्या कितनी है?

5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8

Q.88

ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Plant Sciences

Statement Based +4 −1

Given below are two statements

Statement (I) : Non-proteinaceous molecules associated with the enzymes are called cofactors.

Statement (II) : The cofactors can be a metal ion or an organic molecule.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

नीचे दो कथन दिए गए हैं

कथन (I) : एंजाइमों से जुड़े गैर-प्रोटीनयुक्त अणुओं (non-proteinaceous molecules) को सहकारक (cofactors) कहा जाता है।

कथन (II) : सहकारक धातु आयन (metal ion) या एक कार्बनिक अणु (organic molecule) हो सकते हैं।

उपरोक्त कथनों के आलोक में, नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सबसे उपयुक्त उत्तर चुनिए:

Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct कथन (I) और कथन (II) दोनों सही हैं Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are incorrect कथन (I) और कथन (II) दोनों गलत हैं Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect कथन (I) सही है लेकिन कथन (II) गलत है Statement (I) is incorrect but Statement (II) is correct कथन (I) गलत है लेकिन कथन (II) सही है

Enzyme Structure and Cofactors:

conjugated, catalytically active enzyme is called a holoenzyme, which consists of a protein component (apoenzyme) and a non-protein chemical component (cofactor).
Statement (I) is CORRECT: Non-proteinaceous molecules required for an enzyme's biological catalytic activity are designated as cofactors.
Statement (II) is CORRECT: Cofactors are broadly divided into two major groups:

Inorganic ions / metal ions: Such as $\text{Fe}^{2+}, \text{Mg}^{2+}, \text{Mn}^{2+}, \text{Zn}^{2+}$ (essential for DNA polymerase, alcohol dehydrogenase, etc.).
Organic molecules: Subdivided into coenzymes (transiently bound, e.g., NAD, FAD, CoA) and prosthetic groups (tightly/covalently bound, e.g., heme, biotin).

Therefore, both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct. Correct Answer: Option 1.

विस्तृत व्याख्या:

Enzyme Structure and Cofactors (एंजाइम एवं सहकारक):

conjugated, catalytically active enzyme is called a holoenzyme, which consists of a protein component (apoenzyme) and a non-protein chemical component (cofactor).
Statement (I) is CORRECT: Non-proteinaceous molecules required for an enzyme's biological catalytic activity are designated as cofactors.
Statement (II) is CORRECT: Cofactors are broadly divided into two major groups:

Inorganic ions / metal ions: Such as $\text{Fe}^{2+}, \text{Mg}^{2+}, \text{Mn}^{2+}, \text{Zn}^{2+}$ (essential for DNA polymerase, alcohol dehydrogenase, etc.).
Organic molecules: Subdivided into coenzymes (transiently bound, e.g., NAD, FAD, CoA) and prosthetic groups (tightly/covalently bound, e.g., heme, biotin).

Therefore, both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct. Correct Answer: Option 1.

Explanation not matching this question? क्या व्याख्या इस प्रश्न से मेल नहीं खा रही? Report

Q.89

ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Plant Sciences

MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1

Who proposed 'Operon model' for gene regulation in bacteria?

जीवाणुओं में जीन नियमन (gene regulation) के लिए 'ऑपेरॉन मॉडल' (Operon model) किसने प्रस्तावित किया था?

Sanger सेंगर Watson and Crick वाटसन और क्रिक James and Monod जेम्स और मोनोड François Jacob & Jacques Monod जैकब और मोनोड (François Jacob & Jacques Monod)

Q.90

ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Plant Sciences

Assertion & Reason +4 −1

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R):

Assertion (A) : The genetic code is degenerative.

Reason (R) : The genetic code is nearly universal.

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

नीचे दो कथन दिए गए हैं, एक को अभिकथन (A) और दूसरे को कारण (R) के रूप में लेबल किया गया है:

अभिकथन (A) : आनुवंशिक

कूट (genetic code) अपभ्रष्ट/हासित (degenerative / redundant) होता है।
कारण (R): आनुवंशिक कूट लगभग सार्वभौमिक (nearly universal) होता है।
उपरोक्त कथनों के आलोक में, नीचे दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर चुनिए:

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) (A) और (R) दोनों सत्य हैं और (R), (A) की सही व्याख्या है Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A) (A) और (R) दोनों सत्य हैं लेकिन (R), (A) की सही व्याख्या नहीं है (A) is true but (R) is false (A) सत्य है लेकिन (R) असत्य है (A) is false but (R) is true (A) असत्य है लेकिन (R) सत्य है

Properties of the Genetic Code:

Assertion (A) is TRUE: The genetic code is degenerate (redundant) because there are 61 sense codons specifying only 20 standard amino acids. Consequently, most amino acids are encoded by more than one triplet codon (e.g., Leucine, Serine, and Arginine are each encoded by six distinct codons).
Reason (R) is TRUE: The genetic code is nearly universal across virtually all life forms from bacteria to plants and humans (e.g., UUU codes for phenylalanine in all organisms, with minor exceptions in mitochondria and certain ciliated protozoa).
However, universality is an independent biological property and does not explain why the code is degenerate (degeneracy is explained by Crick's wobble hypothesis and the excess of 64 triplet combinations over 20 amino acids).

Therefore, both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A). Correct Answer: Option 2.

विस्तृत व्याख्या:

Properties of the Genetic Code (आनुवंशिक कूट के लक्षण):

Assertion (A) is TRUE: The genetic code is degenerate (redundant) because there are 61 sense codons specifying only 20 standard amino acids. Consequently, most amino acids are encoded by more than one triplet codon (e.g., Leucine, Serine, and Arginine are each encoded by six distinct codons).
Reason (R) is TRUE: The genetic code is nearly universal across virtually all life forms from bacteria to plants and humans (e.g., UUU codes for phenylalanine in all organisms, with minor exceptions in mitochondria and certain ciliated protozoa).
However, universality is an independent biological property and does not explain why the code is degenerate (degeneracy is explained by Crick's wobble hypothesis and the excess of 64 triplet combinations over 20 amino acids).

Therefore, both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A). Correct Answer: Option 2.

Explanation not matching this question? क्या व्याख्या इस प्रश्न से मेल नहीं खा रही? Report