Q.110
ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Statistical Sciences
MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1
The value of the constant $a, b$ and $c$ which guarantee that the graph of $f(x) = x^3 + ax^2 + bx + c$ will have a relative maximum at $(-3, 18)$ and a relative minimum at $(1, -14)$ is given by:
अचर $a, b$ और $c$ के मान जो यह सुनिश्चित करते हैं कि $f(x) = x^3 + ax^2 + bx + c$ के आलेख का $(-3, 18)$ पर एक स्थानीय उच्चिष्ठ (relative maximum) और $(1, -14)$ पर एक स्थानीय निम्निष्ठ (relative minimum) होगा, दिए गए हैं:

Calculations:

  • First derivative: $f'(x) = 3x^2 + 2ax + b$.
  • Since relative extrema occur at critical points $x = -3$ and $x = 1$, these are the roots of $f'(x) = 0$:
    • Sum of roots: $(-3) + 1 = -\frac{2a}{3} \implies -2 = -\frac{2a}{3} \implies a = 3$

  • Product of roots: $(-3)(1) = \frac{b}{3} \implies -3 = \frac{b}{3} \implies b = -9$

  • To find $c$, use the minimum point $(1, -14)$:
    $$f(1) = 1^3 + 3(1)^2 - 9(1) + c = -14$$
    $$1 + 3 - 9 + c = -14 \implies -5 + c = -14 \implies c = -9$$
  • Verification at $(-3, 18)$:
    $$f(-3) = (-27) + 3(9) - 9(-3) - 9 = -27 + 27 + 27 - 9 = 18$$
Therefore, $a = 3, b = -9, c = -9$. Option 4 is correct.

गणना:

  • प्रथम अवकलज $f'(x) = 3x^2 + 2ax + b$
  • चरम बिंदु $x = -3$ और $x = 1$ पर $f'(x) = 0$ के मूल हैं:
    • मूलों का योग: $-3 + 1 = -\frac{2a}{3} \implies -2 = -\frac{2a}{3} \implies a = 3$

  • मूलों का गुणनफल: $(-3)(1) = \frac{b}{3} \implies b = -9$

  • निम्निष्ठ बिंदु $(1, -14)$ से $c$ का मान:
    $$f(1) = 1 + 3 - 9 + c = -14 \implies c = -9$$
अतः $a = 3, b = -9, c = -9$ (विकल्प 4) सही उत्तर है।
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