• Adopter Categories and the Normal Distribution Curve:
• In Everett M. Rogers' classic adopter categorization based on innovativeness (Diffusion of Innovations), adoption over time follows a normal bell-shaped curve characterized by mean $\bar{X}$ and standard deviation $sd$:
• Innovators: Prior to $(\bar{X} - 2sd)$, comprising the first $2.5\%$.
• Early Adopters: Between $(\bar{X} - 2sd)$ and $(\bar{X} - sd)$, comprising $13.5\%$.
• Early Majority: The area between $(\bar{X} - sd)$ and $\bar{X}$, comprising $34\%$ of total adopters.
• Late Majority: Between $\bar{X}$ and $(\bar{X} + sd)$, comprising $34\%$.
• Laggards: Beyond $(\bar{X} + sd)$, comprising the final $16\%$.

Correct option: (3) Early majority

• Decentralized Diffusion Systems:
• In communication sociology, Everett Rogers distinguished between centralized and decentralized diffusion systems:
• Centralized Diffusion System: Top-down transfer of technology where R&D scientists develop innovations and public extension agents push them outward.
• Decentralized Diffusion System: A horizontal, participatory, peer-to-peer network where local users (farmers) spontaneously generate, modify, and diffuse indigenous knowledge and grassroots innovations among themselves without formal top-down control.

Correct option: (1) Decentralised