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Calcium requirement is highest for
EXPLANATION
Physiological Agronomy
- Calcium Requirement in Legumes: Leguminous crops (Fabaceae) have a significantly higher physiological calcium ($Ca^{2+}$) requirement than graminaceous cereals and grasses.
- Physiological Roles: Calcium is indispensable for root hair curling, infection thread formation, and nodulation by Rhizobium bacteria, as well as synthesizing calcium pectate in the middle lamella of rapidly expanding root and pod tissues (e.g., preventing "pops" in groundnut).
- Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC): Legume roots possess high root CEC (~40–60 cmol/kg) with strong affinity for divalent cations like $Ca^{2+}$, whereas cereal roots have much lower root CEC (~10–25 cmol/kg). (Correct answer: Option 2)
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