Dyeing & Printing

• Audiological Classification of Hearing Impairment:
• Pure-tone audiometry classification based on Hearing Threshold Level (dB HL, WHO standards):
• Mild Hearing Loss: $26 - 40\text{ dB}$
• Moderate Hearing Loss: $41 - 60\text{ dB}$
• Severe Hearing Loss: $61 - 80\text{ dB}$
• Profound Hearing Loss: $\gt 80\text{ dB}$ ($81\text{ dB}$ and above)
• Evaluation: An individual with profound hearing loss cannot detect sounds below 80 dB, requiring high-power amplification or cochlear implants.
• Conclusion: 80 dB (Option 1).

Correct option: (1) 80 dB

• Standard Test Methods for Fabric Wettability and Water Repellency:
• Spray test (AATCC 22): Evaluates surface wetting resistance by spraying water onto a tilted fabric specimen.
• Drop test (AATCC 79): Measures the time required for a droplet of water to be completely absorbed by the fabric surface (wettability).
• Bundesmann test (DIN 53888): Simulates artificial heavy driving rainfall to assess water penetration and surface absorption.
• Conclusion: (A), (C) and (E) only (Option 2).

Correct option: (2) (A), (C) and (E) only,

• Match Yarn Texturizing Processes with Structural Effects:
• Knife edge texturizing $\longrightarrow$ (II) Spiral coil like: Filament yarn is drawn across a heated sharp metal edge, inducing asymmetric differential shrinkage that produces helical spring-like coils.
• Stuffer box crimping $\longrightarrow$ (IV) Saw tooth crimping: Filaments are rammed rapidly into a heated confined chamber, folding yarns into sharp zigzag/sawtooth crimps.
• Air jet texturizing $\longrightarrow$ (I) Loops and curls: Cold supersonic turbulent air jet blows filaments apart, forming randomly entangled surface loops without heat setting.
• Knit-de-knit texturizing $\longrightarrow$ (III) Very pronounced loop / crinkle structure: Filament yarn is knitted into a tight fabric tube, heat-set, and unraveled to impart crinkle crimp.
• Conclusion: (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (III) (Option 3).

Correct option: (3) (A) - (II), (B) - (IV), (C) - (1), (D) ~ (ttl)