Coastal marine ecosystems (e.g., Peru-Humboldt, Benguela, California, and southwest India during the monsoon) account for a disproportionately massive share of global fish landings.
This immense biological fertility is driven primarily by the wind-driven upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich deep ocean waters into the sunlit euphotic zone, fueling massive diatom phytoplankton blooms.
Correct Option: Option 3 (Upwelling of nutrient-rich waters).
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ICAR JRF Aquatic Environmental Management 29 Jun 2024Shift 1
MCQ (Single Correct)+4−1
What role does upwelling play in marine ecosystems?
Wind-driven coastal and equatorial upwelling plays a vital ecological role by transporting cold, nutrient-rich deep ocean waters (laden with nitrates, phosphates, and silicates) up into the euphotic zone.
This replenishes depleted surface nutrients, driving intense primary productivity that supports vast pelagic fish stocks.
Correct Option: Option 3 (It transports nutrient-rich waters to the surface.).
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