Bioaccumulation: The process whereby an organism absorbs a chemical pollutant at a rate greater than that at which the substance is lost through catabolism and excretion.
Characteristics include:
High environmental persistence and lipophilicity.
Progressive accumulation in lipid-rich tissues over time.
Trophic biomagnification through food webs.
"Rapid breakdown of pollutants in the environment" is completely false; bioaccumulating toxicants (DDT, methylmercury, PCBs) are notoriously persistent and resist rapid environmental degradation.
Correct Option: Option 3 (Rapid breakdown of pollutants in the environment).
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2
ICAR JRF Aquatic Environmental Management 29 Jun 2024Shift 1
MCQ (Single Correct)+4−1
Which of the following is NOT a common effect of heavy metal pollution on aquatic organisms?
Heavy metals (cadmium, lead, mercury, copper) disrupt cellular homeostasis by inactivating enzymes, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), and competing with essential divalent cations.
Manifestations include:
Neurological damage and altered behavioral responses.
Reproductive impairment and gamete deformities.
Suppressed growth, metabolic disruption, and spinal deformities.
"Increased growth rates" is an absurd consequence and is not an effect of heavy metal poisoning.
Exposure of finfishes to acute and sub-lethal concentrations of neurotoxic heavy metals (such as lead, mercury, and copper) disrupts sensory nerve transmission and damages hair cells in the lateral line and inner ear utriculus/sacculus.
This classical neuromuscular impairment causes ataxia, erratic spiral swimming, and loss of equilibrium.
Correct Option: Option 2 (Loss of equilibrium).
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