Q.4
Arrange the following steps in the correct sequence for the operation of an evaporator:
Step 1: Preheating the feed solution
Step 2: Vaporization of the solvent from the feed solution.
Step 3: Condensation of the vaporized solvent to produce distillate.
Step 4: Removal of concentrated solution or residue.
Step 5: Heating the feed solution to its boiling point
EXPLANATION
Bioreactor Design & Operating Modes: Batch, Fed-Batch, Chemostats & Continuous Fermentation
- Chronological Sequence of Evaporator Operations:
- In dairy and food engineering, the operational procedure for a falling film or forced circulation evaporator follows a rigorous thermodynamic sequence:
- Step 1: Preheating the feed solution: Raw liquid feed is preheated close to the boiling temperature using regenerate heat exchangers to conserve energy.
- Step 5: Heating the feed solution to its boiling point: The liquid is brought to its saturation boiling point within the evaporation chamber/calandria tubes.
- Step 2: Vaporization of the solvent from the feed solution: Latent heat of vaporization causes rapid water evaporation, concentrating the non-volatile milk solutes.
- Step 3: Condensation of the vaporized solvent to produce distillate: Separated water vapor passes to a condenser (or mechanical vapor recompressor, MVR) to produce condensate.
- Step 4: Removal of concentrated solution or residue: The concentrated product (condensed milk/dairy syrup) is continuously discharged through the bottom extraction pump.
- Conclusion: The correct chronological sequence is 1 - 5 - 2 - 3 - 4 (Option 1).
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