• Match Instrumentation Transducers with Working Principles:
• Strain Gauge $\longrightarrow$ (I) Mechanical deformation to electrical signal: Piezoresistive sensor whose electrical resistance alters proportionally to mechanical strain ($R \propto \Delta L$).
• Thermocouple $\longrightarrow$ (II) Temperature measurement via Seebeck effect: Generates an electromotive force (EMF) at the junction of two dissimilar metallic conductors proportional to temperature difference.
• LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) $\longrightarrow$ (III) Precision linear displacement: Inductive transducer converting core linear mechanical position into differential secondary AC voltage with extreme linearity.
• Piezoelectric Transducer $\longrightarrow$ (IV) Electrical charge under mechanical pressure/vibration: Asymmetric crystal (quartz, PZT) generating electric surface charge in response to applied dynamic stress.
• Conclusion: A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV (Option 2).

Correct option: (2) AA,B-I,C-I,D-V.

• Definition of Poisson's Ratio:
• In solid mechanics and food rheology, when a sample is subjected to axial tensile or compressive stress, it deforms both axially and laterally.
• Poisson's Ratio ($\nu$): Defined as the negative ratio of lateral (transverse) strain to axial (longitudinal) strain:

• Young's Modulus ($E$): Ratio of axial stress to axial strain.
• Shear Modulus ($G$): Ratio of shear stress to shear strain.
• Bulk Modulus ($K$): Ratio of hydrostatic pressure to volumetric strain.
• Correct Option: Option 4 (Poisson's ratio).