Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
- Assertion (A) is False: Large-bodied mammals and humans exhibit a Type I survivorship curve (high survivorship through early and middle life, with mortality concentrated among older individuals). In contrast, a Type III curve is characteristic of $r$-selected species (marine invertebrates, oysters, fish, trees) that produce massive quantities of offspring with extreme juvenile mortality.
- Reason (R) is True: The shape of ecological survivorship curves directly reflects maternal investment and the degree of parental care provided to offspring.
- Conclusion: (A) is false but (R) is true.
Correct option: (4) (A) is false but (R) is true.