Q.11
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024 (Q.80)
MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1
Characteristic cortisol elevations of fishes in response to acute stressors generally tend to range within the following limit with a few notable exceptions.

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry विषय एवं अध्याय

विषय एवं पाठ्यक्रम के अनुसार सभी अध्याय देखें

Fish Biochemistry

4 टॉपिक्स
Analytical Biochemical Techniques: Spectrophotometry, Gas Chromatography, Affinity Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Chemistry of Biomolecules: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Fatty Acids (EPA, DHA) and Amino Acid Stereochemistry Enzyme Kinetics: Michaelis-Menten Parameters (Km, Vmax), Catalytic Mechanisms and Coenzymes vs Cofactors Vitamins and Trace Minerals: Biological Functions, Enzyme Active Centers (Zinc, Pyridoxal Phosphate, Vitamin K)

खंड अ: सामान्य कृषि

6 टॉपिक्स
शस्य विज्ञान, जुताई एवं फसल उत्पादन कृषि कीट विज्ञान, सूत्रकृमि विज्ञान एवं फसल सुरक्षा मृदा विज्ञान, पादप पोषण एवं सुधार कोशिका विज्ञान, पादप कार्यिकी एवं जैव रसायन कृषि मौसम विज्ञान एवं जलवायु विज्ञान फसल आनुवंशिकी, पादप प्रजनन एवं आईपीआर

Introduction to Fish Physiology

4 टॉपिक्स
Environmental Stress Physiology: Hypoxia, Hypercapnia, Stress Proteins (HSPs) and Antifreeze Glycoproteins (AFGPs) सक्रिय Branchial Respiration, Countercurrent Gas Exchange and Mitochondrial-Rich Chloride Cells in Gill Epithelium Nitrogen Excretion Strategies: Ammoniotelism vs Ureotelism, Branchial Ammonia Flux and Ammonia Detoxification Osmoregulation & Excretion: Prime Ion Transporters (Na+/K+-ATPase, NKCC), Freshwater vs Saltwater Strategies

Metabolism of Biomolecules

5 टॉपिक्स
Carbohydrate Metabolic Pathways: Glycolysis, Pentose Phosphate Pathway, Gluconeogenesis and Citric Acid Cycle Energetics Amino Acid & Protein Metabolism: Transamination (ALT, AST), Oxidative Deamination, Urea Cycle and Branched-Chain Catabolism Metabolic Endocrinology & Signaling: Insulin, Glucagon, Cortisol Dynamics and Orexigenic/Anorexigenic Neuropeptides Lipid Metabolism: Acyl-CoA Activation, Carnitine Shuttle, Mitochondrial Beta-Oxidation and Prostaglandin Synthesis Nucleic Acid Metabolism: De Novo and Salvage Pathways of Purine and Pyrimidine Biosynthesis

Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology

5 टॉपिक्स
Fish Sex Determination, Environmental Sex Reversal (Temperature/Aromatase Cyp19a1a), Hermaphroditism and Sex Chromosomes (ZW/XY) Oogenesis, Vitellogenin Uptake, Cortical Alveoli Dynamics, Chorion Hardening and Spawning Biology Brain-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis: GnRH, Gonadotropins (FSH, LH), Kisspeptin and Pineal Photoperiodic Transduction Spermatogenesis, Sertoli Cell Dynamics, Milt Hydration and Teleost Acrosome Absence Crustacean Neuroendocrinology: Sinus Gland / X-Organ Complex and Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormone (CHH) Family
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