Q.74
Which is a form of ammonia excreted by the gills of saltwater fish?
- Mechanism of Branchial Nitrogenous Excretion:
- Marine teleost fishes eliminate the bulk ($\gt 80\%$) of their metabolic nitrogen as ammonia across the gills in both molecular ($NH_3$) and ionized ($NH_4^+$) forms:
- Un-ionized Ammonia ($NH_3$): Highly lipid-soluble, diffuses passively down its partial pressure gradient across apical and basolateral membranes, facilitated by branchial Rhesus (Rh) glycoproteins (Rhag, Rhbg, Rhcg).
- Ammonium Cation ($NH_4^+$): Excreted across the gill epithelium through paracellular pathways driven by the transepithelial electrical potential, and via apical $Na^+/NH_4^+$ exchange.
- nalysis:
- (Both NH3 and NH4+): Correct (represented in text as NH3 and NHs+).
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