Scombroid Fishes: Scombroid fish species (family Scombridae), including tuna (Thunnus spp.), mackerel (Scomberomorus spp., Rastrelliger spp.), skipjack, and bonito, contain exceptionally high levels of free L-histidine in their dark muscle.
Histamine Formation: Inadequate post-harvest temperature control permits proliferation of bacterial contaminants possessing the enzyme L-histidine decarboxylase (e.g., Morganella morganii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes), which decarboxylates histidine to toxic histamine:
Octopine ($N^2$-(1-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine) is an opine derivative of L-arginine and pyruvate synthesized by the enzyme octopine dehydrogenase (ODH).
In cephalopods (squid, cuttlefish, octopus), octopine acts as the primary anaerobic end-product of muscular contraction during vigorous jet-propulsion swimming, functioning analogously to lactate in teleost fishes.
Correct Option: Option 1 (Cephalopods).
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ICAR JRF Fish Processing Technology 29 Jun 2024Shift 1
MCQ (Single Correct)+4−1
One of the following is not an aliphatic biogenic amines
In traditional and semi-intensive coastal tide-fed aquaculture farms (such as bheries of West Bengal and pokkali fields of Kerala), farm ponds are filled and drained solely by the natural rise and fall of the diurnal tides.
Feeder-cum-Drainage Channel: Acts as an indispensable dual-purpose central arterial canal. During high tide, it acts as a feeder channel taking in saline water through the main tidal sluice; during low tide, it reverses flow to act as a drainage canal, expelling water and metabolic wastes.
Correct Option: Option 1 (Tide-fed).
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20
ICAR JRF Fish Processing Technology 29 Jun 2024Shift 1
Indira Sagar Reservoir: Built across the Narmada River in Khandwa district, Madhya Pradesh, as part of the Indira Sagar Project (NHPC).
It forms the largest man-made reservoir in India in terms of gross water storage capacity, impounding $12.22\text{ billion cubic meters (BCM)}$ ($12.22\text{ km}^3$) of water with a vast water spread area of $913\text{ km}^2$.
Hirakud has the largest earthen dam structure, while Dal Lake and Hussain Sagar are smaller urban water bodies.
Correct Option: Option 3 (Indirasagar).
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