Escherichia coli O157:H7, historically known as Verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) due to its cytopathic toxin effect on African green monkey kidney Vero cells, is now officially designated as STEC (Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli).
It produces Shiga toxins (Stx1 and Stx2) responsible for hemorrhagic colitis and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS).
Correct Option: Option 4 (STEC).
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17
ICAR JRF Fish Processing Technology 29 Jun 2024Shift 1
MCQ (Single Correct)+4−1
The Quality Index Method (QIM) used for testing the sensory quality of fish was developed by the scientists belonging to
Quality Index Method (QIM): A structured, objective sensory scoring method based on characteristic sensory changes in external attributes (eyes, skin, gills, odor) as fish spoils in ice.
Originally conceived and developed by Australian food scientist H. Allan Bremner (1985) at CSIRO in Australia, and later adapted by European research institutes (Iceland, Denmark).
Correct Option: Option 4 (Australia).
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18
ICAR JRF Fish Processing Technology 29 Jun 2024Shift 1
MCQ (Single Correct)+4−1
Which of the following bacteria is the specific spoilage organism (SSO) in iced tropical fish?
Specific Spoilage Organism (SSO): Shewanella putrefaciens:
In fresh marine fish stored aerobically on ice ($0^\circ\text{C}$), Shewanella putrefaciens (formerly Pseudomonas putrefaciens) is the dominant Specific Spoilage Organism (SSO).
It uses Trimethylamine Oxide (TMAO) as an alternative terminal electron acceptor, reducing it to volatile Trimethylamine (TMA) and producing hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$), creating the characteristic fishy, putrid spoilage odor.
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