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What is the main role of macroinvertebrates in assessing water quality in streams and rivers?
EXPLANATION
Inland & Estuarine Fisheries Resources
- Benthic Macroinvertebrates as Bioindicators:
- Benthic macroinvertebrates (insects like mayflies, stoneflies, caddisflies; mollusks; crustaceans) inhabit the stream bottom sediment and possess varying tolerance thresholds to water pollution, nutrient enrichment, and dissolved oxygen depletion.
- Because of their sedentary habits and lifespan of months to years, their community structure, richness, and biotic indices (e.g., EPT Index, BMWP Score) act as sensitive bioindicators (biomonitors) of long-term aquatic environmental health.
- Correct Option: Option 4 (Bioindication).
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