• Feeding Habits of Strawberry Crimp Nematode (Aphelenchoides fragariae):
• Statement (I) is correct: Aphelenchoides fragariae is a facultative/amphimictic foliar nematode that exhibits dual parasitism: it feeds ectoparasitically in the folded crowns, runner buds, and young leaf primordia of strawberries (causing crimped, crinkled leaves), and also feeds endoparasitically inside the mesophyll of mature leaf blades (causing angular, vein-limited necrosis in ferns and begonias).
• Statement (II) is incorrect: It does not feed exclusively ectoparasitically.
• Conclusion: Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect (Option 3).

• Nematode CLE (CLAVATA3/ESR-like) Effector Peptides:
• Molecular Mimicry: Plant-parasitic cyst nematodes (Heterodera and Globodera) express small secretory peptides that mimic host plant CLAVATA3 signaling ligands to reprogram host root vascular cells into specialized feeding syncytia.
• Glandular Secretion Origin: Functional in situ hybridization and proteomic analyses confirm that these CLE-like peptide effectors are synthesized and secreted specifically from the dorsal esophageal gland cell of cyst nematodes, injected via the stylet directly into recipient host cells.
• Conclusion: Secreted from the dorsal glands of cyst nematode (Option 4).

Correct option: (4) Dorsal glands of cyst nematode

• Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) Production in Plant Parasitic Nematodes:
• Hormonal Hypertrophy and Galling: Endogenous biosynthesis or accumulation of auxin (IAA, a tryptophan metabolite) has been detected in salivary glands and body extracts of gall-inducing nematode genera, notably Meloidogyne (inducing root knot hyperplasia and hypertrophy) and Ditylenchus (inducing shoot, leaf, and stem swellings/galls).
• Physiological Effect: The secreted auxin triggers localized host cell enlargement, forming multinucleate giant cells or gall tissue.
• Conclusion: Found in species of Meloidogyne and Ditylenchus (Option 1).

Correct option: (1) Meloidogyne and Ditylenchus