• Statement 1 is False: Parboiling of paddy (soaking, steaming, and drying before milling) is an ancient hydrothermal preservation technique developed millennia ago in the Indian subcontinent, not a modern European invention.
• Statement 2 is True: During hydrothermal parboiling, water-soluble B-complex vitamins (especially thiamine / vitamin $ ext{B}_1$) in the outer aleurone layer and scutellum dissolve and diffuse inward into the starchy endosperm; consequently, populations subsisting on parboiled rice rarely develop adult beriberi (thiamine deficiency).
• Conclusion: Statement 2 is true and Statement 1 is false (Option 4).

Correct option: (4) Statement 2 is true and 1 is false

• Botanical Names of Tropical Forage Grasses:
• Guinea Grass: Panicum maximum Jacq. (syn. Megathyrsus maximus), a tall, high-yielding perennial tussock grass.
• Para Grass (Buffalo Grass): Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf, a stoloniferous grass adapted to waterlogged soils.
• Spear Grass: Heteropogon contortus (L.) P.Beauv., a drought-hardy perennial grass with sharp twisted awns.
• Conclusion: Option 4 represents the correct combination (Option 4).

Correct option: (4) Panicum maximum, Bracharia mutica and Heteropogon contorius

• Commercial Gums and Fibers in Tobacco Industry:
• Tragacanth Gum: A natural exuded polysaccharide from thorny shrubs of Astragalus gummifer, used as an odorless, tasteless edible binder/adhesive in wrapping and finishing cigar leaves.
• Flax Fiber (Linum usitatissimum): Yields high-purity, thin, combustible bast cellulose fibers universally used in manufacturing fine, non-flaring cigarette paper.
• Conclusion: Tragacanth gum and Flax (Option 1).

Correct option: (1) Tragacanth gum and Flax