Process Technology & Machinery

• Feasibility Study Dimensions in Food Processing Project Planning:
• comprehensive agro-industrial project feasibility assessment requires holistic evaluation across four core dimensions:
• Economic / Financial: Evaluates Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), and payback period.
• Social / Environmental: Analyzes community employment impact, local livelihood benefits, and environmental clearances.
• Technical: Evaluates process engineering viability, raw material availability, processing machinery capacities, and utility infrastructure.
• Commercial / Market: Evaluates target product demand, pricing strategy, distribution logistics, and competitive positioning.
• Conclusion: (A), (B), (C) and (D) (Option 3).

Correct option: (3) (A), (B), (C) and (D).

Matching the items of List I with List II for Storage environment and its interaction with stored product:

The correct combination is Option 2: (A) - (Il), (B) - (Ill), (C) - (IV), (B) - (1).

Correct option: (2) (A) - (Il), (B) - (Ill), (C) - (IV), (B) - (1)

• Glazing in Rice (Paddy) Milling:
• Glazing is a finishing process in polished rice production where milled rice grains are treated with a mixture of glucose and talc or paraffin in a glazing drum to impart a glossy, translucent sheen and protect against insect attack.
• Glazing is exclusively associated with Paddy (Rice) processing.
• Conclusion: Related to Paddy (Option 1).

Correct option: (1) Paddy

• Net Volumetric Throughput of Single-Screw Extruders:
• In food extrusion rheology, the net volumetric flow rate ($Q$) through the extruder screw and die is governed by three superimposed flow mechanisms:

where:

• $Q_d$ (Drag flow): Forward conveying motion induced by viscous drag between the rotating screw surface and stationary barrel wall.
• $Q_p$ (Pressure flow): Reverse backflow driven by the adverse axial pressure gradient built up behind the restrictive die plate.
• $Q_l$ (Leakage flow): Backward leakage of melt through the radial clearance between the screw flight tips and the barrel bore.
• Conclusion: Drag flow - Pressure flow - Leakage flow (Option 2).

Correct option: (2) Drag flow-Pressure flow-Leakage flow