• Terrestrial Solar Energy Partitioning Budget:
• Planetary Energy Balance:
• Out of $100\%$ extraterrestrial solar radiation intercepting the outer atmosphere of Earth:
• $30\%$ is reflected directly back into space (planetary albedo: $23\%$ by clouds and atmospheric aerosols, $7\%$ by ground surface).
• $23\%$ is absorbed in the atmosphere (by ozone, water vapor, and aerosols).
• The remaining $47\%$ reaches and is absorbed directly by Earth's land and ocean surfaces ($31\%$ direct beam radiation and $16\%$ diffuse radiation).
• Conclusion: 47% (Option 4).

Correct option: (4) 47%