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Dulong's formula can be used to calulate calorific value of biomass based on which composition?
EXPLANATION
Biomass Fuel Characterization
- Dulong's Formula for Fuel Calorific Value:
- Ultimate / Elemental Basis: Dulong's formula is a classic empirical thermochemical equation used to calculate the Higher Heating Value (HHV) of fuels based directly on their elemental composition (percentage of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Sulfur determined by ultimate analysis):
- Comparison: Proximate analysis provides moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash content, but not elemental mass fractions.
- Conclusion: Elemental (Option 3).
Correct option: (3) Elemental
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