"Genetics of Disaster": Concept coined by Jack R. Harlan in 1972 warning against the extreme genetic vulnerability arising from modern industrial agriculture.
Definition: Refers to breeding and cultivating genetically uniform cultivars with a narrow genetic base across vast contiguous monocultures (such as the Southern Corn Leaf Blight epidemic of 1970 due to T-cytoplasm, and the Irish Potato Famine). (Correct answer: Option 1)
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2
ICAR JRF Seed Science And Technology 29 Jun 2024Shift 1
MCQ (Single Correct)+4−1
The National Centre for Genetic Resources Preservation is located in
National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation (NCGRP): Formerly known as the National Seed Storage Laboratory (NSSL), located on the campus of Colorado State University in Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. (Correct answer: Option 4)
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3
ICAR JRF Seed Science And Technology 29 Jun 2024Shift 1
MCQ (Single Correct)+4−1
Ina self-fertiizing species, maximum diversity can be captured by:
In predominantly self-pollinated (autogamous) crops, natural self-fertilization minimizes intra-population heterozygosity and creates high genetic differentiation between isolated geographic landraces ($F_{ST}$ is very high).
Most of the genetic diversity exists between different subpopulations rather than within a single subpopulation.
Germplasm Sampling Strategy: To maximize allelic diversity, plant collectors must sample a greater number of diverse subpopulations/sites rather than collecting large numbers of individuals from a single population. (Correct answer: Option 1)
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4
ICAR JRF Seed Science And Technology 29 Jun 2024Shift 1
Statement Based+4−1
Statement I :Primary gene pool consists of cultivated species and landraces.
Statement II :The secondary gene pool consists of the progenitor species that are crossable with reduced fertility of the
resulting hybrids and progenies
Statement I :ll-The tertiary gene pool consists of all the species that are crossable with cultivated species
Statement I is Correct: The Primary Gene Pool ($GP-1$) encompasses the cultivated species, primitive landraces, and freely crossable wild/weedy conspecific taxa. Crosses produce vigorous, completely fertile hybrids with normal chromosome pairing and gene recombination.
Statement II is Correct: The Secondary Gene Pool ($GP-2$) consists of related, co-generic species that can cross with cultivated species to produce hybrids; however, hybrids typically exhibit reduced fertility, chromosome structural differences, and partial meiotic sterility.
Statement III is Incorrect: The Tertiary Gene Pool ($GP-3$) consists of distant wild species where conventional crossing produces lethal, non-viable, or completely sterile hybrids. Gene transfer is not naturally crossable and requires advanced biotechnological intervention (such as embryo rescue, tissue culture, bridging species, or somatic protoplast fusion).
Conclusion: Statements I and II are correct, Statement III is incorrect (Option 2).
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