Subcellular organelle involved in lipid mobilization during seed... | Agrigyan

• Nutritive Storage Tissues in Mature Seeds:
• Hypocotyl: In Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa), the primary nutrient-storing tissue is an extraordinarily enlarged, oil- and protein-rich swollen hypocotyl, while cotyledons are rudimentary $\rightarrow$ (I)
• Perisperm: In Water lily (Nymphaea), as well as black pepper and beet, persistent nutritive diploid nucellar tissue forms the prominent perisperm $\rightarrow$ (II)
• Endosperm: In Lettuce (Lactuca sativa), residual triploid endosperm layers surround the embryo and store reserves $\rightarrow$ (III)
• Cotyledon: In Marigold (Tagetes) and diverse Asteraceae/Fabaceae, the massive embryonic cotyledons serve as the principal nutrient storage organ $\rightarrow$ (IV)
• Systematic Match: (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV) corresponds to Option 4.

Correct option: (4) (A)- (I), (B)- (MI), (C)- (lll), (D)- (IV)

• Megasporogenesis Developmental Sequence:
• Step 1: Differentiation of the Megaspore Mother Cell (MMC) within the ovule nucellus.
• Step 2: First meiotic division of the MMC yields a two-celled Dyad.
• Step 3: Arrested or unequal division of one dyad cell produces a transient Triad.
• Step 4: Completion of meiosis II yields a linear or T-shaped Tetrad of haploid megaspores.
• Sequence: $(B) \rightarrow (A) \rightarrow (C) \rightarrow (D)$. (Correct answer: Option 4)

• Phanerocotylar Seed Germination:
• Seed germination where the hypocotyl elongates, lifting the cotyledons above the soil surface where they shed the seed coat, unfold, expand, turn green, and function as the primary photosynthetic organs (e.g., in mustard, bean, cotton).
• Cryptocotylar: Germination where cotyledons remain enclosed within the seed coat (hypogeal or cryptocotylar). (Correct answer: Option 1)