Seed Quality Control

• Working Principles of Seed Cleaning and Separation Machinery:
• Specific Gravity Separator: Separates seed admixtures based on differences in specific density and terminal velocity in an air stream $\rightarrow$ effectively removes (I) Partially filled achenes / light, shriveled seeds.
• Indented Cylinder Separator: Employs centrifugal force and hemispherical pockets on a rotating drum to lift and separate particles based on length differences $\rightarrow$ removes (II) Broken caryopsis / short weed seeds.
• Dodder Mill (Velvet Roll Mill): Separates seeds utilizing contrasting surface roughness and texture differences via counter-rotating flannel/velvet cloth-covered rollers $\rightarrow$ removes (III) Rough surfaced admixture.
• Spiral Separator: Operates purely on gravitational acceleration and degree of roundness/centrifugal displacement $\rightarrow$ efficiently separates spherical seeds from flat or angular particles, isolating (IV) Splits in soybean.
• Systematic Match: (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV) corresponds to Option 4.

Correct option: (4) (A) - (1), (B)~ (I), (C) - (ill), (D)- (V)

• Burr Reducer: A specialized seed conditioning machine utilized in beet seed processing.
• Function: Designed to break down the hard, irregular outer corky seed ball (burr) surrounding the true seed of sugarbeet and garden beet (Beta vulgaris), facilitating precision drilling and grading. (Correct answer: Option 2)

• Statement (I) is True: The spiral separator consists of stationary spiral flights wrapped around a central vertical column; round seeds roll down rapidly, gain centrifugal momentum, and are flung into the outer flight, whereas flat, oblong, or wrinkled seeds slide slowly along the inner flight. Hence, it is best suited for separating round seeds from flat/broken particles (e.g., soybean splits, vetch from wheat).
• Statement (II) is False: A spiral separator operates purely on gravity and difference in centrifugal rollability/shape without any motor or electric drive; it is not operated by electrical vibrations or powered mechanical oscillators.
• Conclusion: Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false (Option 3).

Correct option: (3) Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.