Q.2
Which type of bond is synthesized by DNA ligases?
EXPLANATION
Molecular Cloning Strategies: Restriction-Modification, Linkers/Adaptors & Directional Ligation
- DNA Ligase Function: DNA ligases catalyze the formation of a covalent phosphodiester bond between adjacent $3'\text{-OH}$ and $5'\text{-phosphate}$ termini of nicked double-stranded DNA.
- Biological Role: Essential for joining Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand during DNA replication, as well as sealing repaired nicks during excision repair and recombination.
- Energy Requirement: Eukaryotic and bacteriophage T4 ligases require ATP, while bacterial DNA ligases (e.g., E. coli) utilize $\text{NAD}^+$ as a cofactor.
Correct option: (2) Phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides.
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