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Veterinary Parasitology- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024 (Q.46)
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Scientist who developed phase-contrast microscopy for the first time was

Veterinary Parasitology Subjects

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General Agriculture

5 Topics
Agricultural Meteorology & Climate Science Soil Science, Plant Nutrition & Reclamation Crop Genetics, Plant Breeding & IPR Cell Biology, Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Agricultural Entomology, Nematology & Crop Protection

General Bacteriology

3 Topics
Bacterial Virulence Mechanisms, Pathogenicity Islands, Bacterial Toxins (Anthrax Toxins, Enterotoxins) & LPS Mutants Bacterial Morphology, Ultrastructure, Cell Wall Chemistry & Special Staining Techniques (Gram, ZN, MZN, Dienes) Active Bacterial Physiology, Growth Kinetics, Nutrition (Phototrophs, Autotrophs) & Bacterial Genetics (Conjugation, Transduction)

Introduction, History and Etiology

1 Topic
Historical Milestones in Pathology (Morgagni Seats and Causes of Disease, Virchow, Metchnikoff) & General Etiology

Veterinary Helminthology

5 Topics
Trematode Morphology, Systematic Classification & Fluke Biology (Fasciola, Gigantocotyle, Gastrodiscus, Paramphistomum) Bursate Nematodes (Order Strongylida: Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus, Ancylostoma, Syngamus, Metastrongylus) Blood Flukes & Snail Intermediate Hosts (Schistosoma, Ornithobilharzia, Malacology & Vector Ecology) Cestode Morphology, Systematic Classification & Strobilar Anatomy (Dipylidium, Moniezia, Anoplocephala, Diphyllobothrium) Metacestodes & Larval Tapeworm Biology (Cysticercus, Coenurus, Hydatid Cyst, Strobilocercus & Cysticercoid)

Veterinary Public Health

1 Topic
VPH Concepts, Historical Milestones, Intersectoral Collaboration & One Health Paradigm

Haemodynamic Derangements, Degeneration and Necrosis

3 Topics
Circulatory Disturbances: Hyperaemia, General Chronic Passive Congestion, Nutmeg Liver & Brown Induration of Lung Edema Pathophysiology, Starling Forces, Hydropericardium & Ascites Portal Hypertension Cell Death: Irreversible Hypoxic Injury, Apoptosis & Necrosis Types (Coagulative, Liquefactive, Caseous, Fibrinoid)

Milk Hygiene

2 Topics
Dairy Microbiology, Spoilage Microorganisms & Microbial Ecology of Raw Milk (Pseudomonas, Psychrotrophs, Alcaligenes) Milk Processing, HTST Pasteurization, UHT, In-Bottle Sterilization & Thermal Death Kinetics

Systematic Bacteriology

2 Topics
Endospore-Forming Bacilli & Clostridial Diseases (Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium perfringens, C. septicum, C. novyi) Rickettsiales & Anaplasmataceae (Anaplasma phagocytophilum, A. platys, Ehrlichia canis, E. ewingii, Neorickettsia)

Veterinary Entomology

7 Topics
Acarology: Mites, Mange & Scab Infestation (Sarcoptes, Psoroptes, Chorioptes, Demodex, Cheyletiella, Dermanyssus) Diptera: Nematocera Vector Flies (Culicoides, Phlebotomus, Simulium, Mosquito Vectors & Transmission) Diptera: Brachycera & Cyclorrhapha (Tabanus, Chrysops, Stomoxys, Haematobia, Musca) Myiasis-Producing Flies & Botflies (Hypoderma, Gasterophilus, Oestrus ovis, Lucilia, Chrysomya, Wohlfahrtia) Phthiraptera: Sucking & Chewing Lice Biology, Morphology & Host Specificity (Haematopinus, Linognathus, Bovicola, Menopon) Acarology: Ixodidae (Hard Ticks Morphology, Life Cycles, Capitulum, Scutum, Festoons & Vector Dynamics) Acarology: Argasidae (Soft Ticks Biology, Argas persicus, Ornithodoros, Otobius megnini & Diapause)

General Virology

1 Topic
Viral Replication Cycles, Cultivation, Plaque Assay, Reverse Transcription (Hepadnaviruses) & Trypsin Cleavage

Meat Hygiene

1 Topic
Antemortem Inspection, Judgement Categories & Disease Diagnosis in Live Animals

Veterinary Protozoology

4 Topics
Haemoprotozoa: Piroplasmida (Babesia, Theileria annulata, Theileria parva, Schizonts & Koch Blue Bodies) Intestinal & Tissue Coccidia (Eimeria Species of Ruminants & Poultry, Oocyst Morphology & Sporogony) Haemoprotozoa: Kinetoplastida (Trypanosoma evansi, Trypanosoma equiperdum, Salivaria vs Stercoraria, Leishmania) Abortion-Causing & Cyst-Forming Coccidia (Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis, Hammondia)

Clinical Parasitology

1 Topic
Parasitic Gastroenteritis, Liver Fluke Disease & Helminthic Pathology of Digestive Systems

Systematic Virology

2 Topics
DNA Viruses of Veterinary Importance (Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, Asfarviridae African Swine Fever, Parvoviridae) Non-Segmented Negative-Sense RNA Viruses (Rhabdoviridae Rabies, Paramyxoviridae Newcastle/Rinderpest/Distemper)

Mycology

1 Topic
General Mycology Principles, Fungal Ultrastructure, Growth Requirements & Mucorales (Mucor, Rhizopus)

Parasitic Zoonoses

3 Topics
Major Helminthic Zoonoses (Echinococcosis Hydatidosis, Taenia saginata asiatica, Cysticercosis, Trichinellosis, Fasciolopsiasis) Arthropod, Crustacean & Pentastomid Zoonoses (Linguatula serrata, Armillifer, Visceral Pentastomosis, Sarcoptic Zoonoses) One Health Surveillance, Epidemiological Classification (Xenonoses, Eupanzoonoses) & Zoonosis Prevention

Zoonoses

1 Topic
Classification & Ecology of Zoonoses (Cyclozoonoses, Metazoonoses, Direct Zoonoses, Pherozoonoses, Xenozoonoses)

Disturbances in Cell Growth and Oncology

1 Topic
Cellular Adaptive Responses (Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Metaplasia & Dysplasia)

Environmental Hygiene

1 Topic
Water Quality Standards, Purification Technologies (Rapid Sand Filtration) & Chlorination Chemistry (DPD Assay, Dechlorination)

Immunology

1 Topic
Cytokines, Interferons (Type I IFN-alpha/beta, Type II IFN-gamma, Type III IFN-lambda) & Superantigen Activation

Management of Livestock Parasitism

4 Topics
Anthelmintic Pharmacology & Probenzimidazoles (Febantel, Netobimin, Thiophanate, Levamisole, Macrocyclic Lactones) Acaricides, Insecticides, Semio-chemicals & Integrated Vector Baits (Pyrethroids, Amitraz, IGRs, Poison Baits) Antiprotozoal Chemotherapy & Coccidiostats (Diminazene, Buparvaquone, Quinapyramine, Ponazuril, Toltrazuril, Monensin) Ecological & Non-Chemical Parasite Management (Pasture Spelling, Rotational Grazing, Duddingtonia flagrans, FAMACHA)

Epidemiology

2 Topics
Basic Principles, Disease Ecology, Epidemiological Triad, Natural Nidality & Endemic Baseline Measures of Association (Relative Risk, Odds Ratio), Diagnostic Test Evaluation (Sensitivity, Specificity, NPV) & NIVEDI

Immunoparasitology

3 Topics
Antiparasitic Vaccines & Concealed Antigens (Dictol, Theileria Vaccine, CoxAbic, H11 Aminopeptidase, Bm86, Orphan Vaccines) Hypersensitivity Reactions in Parasitic Pathology (Type I, Type II in Babesiosis/Malaria, Type III Immune Complexes, Type IV) Host Immune Responses to Parasitic Infections (Th1 vs Th2 Responses, IgE, Eosinophils, Mast Cells & Host Defense)

Molecular Cell Biology (Vaccine & Diagnostic Technology)

1 Topic
Vaccine Technology, Bacterial/Viral Formulations, DNA Vaccines, Attenuation & Lyophilization Logistics

Clinical Pathology

1 Topic
Erythrocyte Kinetics, Erythropoiesis Sequence & Regenerative Anemia (Polychromasia, Macrocytosis, Nucleated RBCs)

Diagnostic Parasitology

2 Topics
Coprological Diagnostic Techniques (Sedimentation, Flotation, McMaster Egg Counting, Baermann Larval Migration) Immunodiagnostic Assays (ELISA, Indirect Immunofluorescence IFAT, EITB Western Blot, CFT for Dourine, CATT)

Systemic Pathology

1 Topic
Pathology of Digestive System: Primary Tympany Bloat, Rumenitis, Enteritis & Hepatic Cirrhosis

Pathology of Infectious Diseases

2 Topics
Bacterial Infectious Pathology: Anthrax (Blackberry Jam Spleen), Bovine Tuberculosis Caseocalcareous Granuloma Viral Infectious Pathologies: Rinderpest (Stomatitis Enteritis Syndrome) & Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)

Avian Pathology

2 Topics
Avian Oncogenic Viral Diseases: Marek's Disease (Neurolymphomatosis), Lymphoid Leukosis Big Liver & Sarcoma Complex Avian Paramyxovirus & Birnavirus Infections: Newcastle Disease Pathotypes (Velogenic) & Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD)

Nutritional and Production Pathology

1 Topic
Vitamin E and Selenium Deficiency Pathologies: White Muscle Disease, Mulberry Heart Disease, Hepatosis Dietetica, Encephalomalacia
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