General Pharmacology

• Osteology of the Equine Sternum:
• The equine sternum (breastbone) resembles a canoe or ship's keel (laterally compressed cranial carina).
• It is composed of unsegmented sternebral cartilages and ossified segments:
• In the adult horse, there are 7 sternal segments / sternebrae (or associated with 8 pairs of true/sternal ribs).
• nalysis:
• (Seven): Correct number of sternal segments.

Correct option: (3) Seven

• Equine Shoulder Sweeney:
• Sweeney refers to pronounced neurogenic atrophy of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles of the equine shoulder.
• Caused by direct trauma or stretch injury to the suprascapular nerve as it courses across the cranial border and neck of the scapula, lacking protective bony coverage.
• Denervation causes muscle wasting, leaving the scapular spine prominently exposed with lateral subluxation of the shoulder joint during weight-bearing ("shoulder slip").
• nalysis:
• (Supra-scapular): Correct nerve.

Correct option: (4) Supra-scapular

• Anatomy of the Prepubic Tendon (Tendo praepubicus):
• The prepubic tendon is a robust, transverse fibrous plate attached firmly to the cranial border of the pubis (pecten ossis pubis) and iliopectineal eminences.
• It receives the strong, bilateral terminal tendon of insertion of the Rectus abdominis muscles, as well as the aponeuroses of the gracilis and pectineus muscles.
• (Rupture of the prepubic tendon is an emergency in pregnant draft mares).
• nalysis:
• (Prepubic tendon): Correct.

Correct option: (3) Prepubic tendon