Q.101
The phenomenon that describes the improvement in the performance of an old technology when challenged by a new
technology is called
- The Sailing Ship Effect in Technological Evolution:
- Coined by economist W.H. Ward (1967), the Sailing Ship Effect describes the phenomenon where the introduction of a disruptive, superior new technology stimulates a burst of rapid technological refinement and performance improvements in the threatened incumbent (old) technology.
- Historical origin: When steamships were introduced in the 19th century, sailing ship designers dramatically improved hull hydrodynamics and multi-masted rigging (Clipper ships), increasing sailing speeds by over $50\%$ before eventually succumbing to steam power.
Correct option: (2) Sailing ship effect
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