Q.78
In a breeding program, the best method of selection using phenotypic information is,
- Selection Index Method (Hazel, 1943): Selection index is the most efficient and mathematically superior method for multi-trait phenotypic selection because it simultaneously evaluates multiple economic traits weighted by their economic values, genetic parameters (heritabilities), and phenotypic and genetic correlations:
- Comparison of Multi-Trait Selection Methods:
- Selection Index: Maximizes the correlation ($r_{IH}$) between the index ($I$) and the true aggregate breeding value ($H$), yielding the maximum genetic progress per unit of time.
- Independent Culling Levels: Animals must meet minimum thresholds for all traits independently; culls superior individuals that fall slightly short in one trait.
- Tandem Selection: Selects for one trait at a time across cycles; least efficient due to negative genetic correlations and long time required.
Correct option: (4) Index based
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