Q.47
Ammonia-N is toxic to commercially cultured fish at concentrations
- Toxicity Thresholds of Ammonia-N:
- In commercial aquaculture ponds, the unionized ammonia-nitrogen ($\text{NH}_3\text{-N}$) fraction becomes hazardous to cultured finfish and crustaceans at concentrations approaching and exceeding $0.1\text{ mg N/L}$.
- Chronic exposure to $\ge 0.1\text{ mg N/L}$ induces gill hyperplasia, decreased blood oxygen carrying capacity, suppressed immune defenses, poor food conversion ratios, and systemic stress.
- Correct Option: Option 2 (0.1 mg N/lit).
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