Q.1
Animal Genetics and Breeding- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024 (Q.56)
Assertion & Reason +4 −1

Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : Salt is very important ingredients for the preparation of meat batter.
Reason (R) : Salt help in the extraction of myofibrillar proteins during processing

In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Animal Genetics & Breeding Subjects

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General Agriculture

6 Topics
Agronomy, Tillage & Field Crop Production Cell Biology, Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Agricultural Entomology, Nematology & Crop Protection Agricultural Meteorology & Climate Science Soil Science, Plant Nutrition & Reclamation Crop Genetics, Plant Breeding & IPR

Basic and General Aspects of Livestock Products

3 Topics
Muscle Structure, Contractile Proteins, Fiber Types and Post-Mortem Glycolysis Milk Chemistry, True Constituents, Synthesis and Dairy Processing Principles Meat Processing Biochemistry: Emulsions, Binders, Curing and Water Holding Capacity Active

Energy and Proteins

3 Topics
Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism, Essential Fatty Acids and Bioenergetics Protein Nutrition, Essential Amino Acids, CNCPS System and Protein Degradability Energy Partitioning, Calorimetry, Gross, Digestible and Metabolizable Energy

Overview of Genetics

2 Topics
Mendelian Inheritance, Gene Interactions, Lethals and Multiple Alleles Linkage, Crossing Over, Recombination Mapping and Sex-Related Inheritance

Poultry Genetics and Breeding

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Poultry Phylogeny, Taxonomy, Domestication and Standard Breed Classes Indigenous Indian Chicken and Avian Breeds and AnGR Conservation

Advanced Genetics

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Recombinant DNA Technology, PCR, DNA Sequencing, Cloning and Transgenic Animals Molecular Genetics: Replication, Transcription, Genetic Code and Protein Synthesis Chromosome Banding, Chromatin Organization and Fine Structure of Genes

Breeding Management

1 Topic
Farm-Level Breeding Records, Pedigree Maintenance and Selection Methodologies

Minerals, Vitamins and Feed Additives

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Fat-Soluble and Water-Soluble Vitamins: Chemistry, Bioavailability and Requirements Feed Additives, Prebiotics, Probiotics, Enzymes and UMMB Formulations

Poultry Nutrition

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Mineral and Vitamin Nutrition: Calcium, Phosphorus, Trace Minerals and Deficiencies Energy and Protein Nutrition: Metabolizable Energy, Essential Amino Acids and Feeding Standards

Avian Physiology

1 Topic
Avian Respiratory System, Pneumatic Bones and Air Sac Anatomy

Feeding Management

1 Topic
Practical Ruminant Feeding: Dry Matter Intake, Thumb Rules and FCM Calculations

Overview of Breeding

3 Topics
Domestication, Evolution and Indian Breeds of Livestock and Poultry (AnGR) Heterosis, Combining Ability, Diallel Crosses and Reciprocal Recurrent Selection Mating Systems: Inbreeding, Linebreeding, Outbreeding and Grading Up

PFA and FSSAI Standards of Different Dairy Products

4 Topics
Fluid Milk Standards, Pasteurization Kinetics, Phosphatase Test and Homogenization Egg Science and Technology: Structure, Quality Grading, Preservation and Thermal Coagulation Processed Egg Products: Liquid Eggs, Egg Powder, Whipping Aids and Designer Eggs Clean-in-Place (CIP) Systems, Detergents, Sanitizers and Dairy Plant Hygiene

Rumen Eco-system and Functions

1 Topic
Rumen Microbiology: Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi and Archaeal Methanogens

Genetic Properties of Population

3 Topics
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, Gene Frequencies and Forces Altering Gene Frequency Metric Traits, Population Mean, Breeding Values and Average Effect of Gene Substitution Components of Phenotypic Variance and Resemblance Between Relatives

Poultry Products Technology

1 Topic
Egg Preservation, Storage, Spoilage Microbiology and Pasteurization

Reproduction Management

1 Topic
Artificial Insemination Practice, Pregnancy Diagnosis, Infertility and Calving Management

Wool, Mohair and Fur

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Wool Processing: Scouring, Carbonization, Carding, Combing (Tops/Noils) and Finishing

Population Genetics

3 Topics
Heritability, Repeatability and Genetic Correlations: Concepts and Estimation Selection Response, Correlated Response and Selection Limits Threshold Characters, Genotype-Environment Interaction (GxE) and Canalization

Poultry Management

1 Topic
Grower, Pullet and Layer Management: Space, Lighting Regimes and Debeaking

Shelter Management

1 Topic
Housing Systems: Loose Housing, Stanchion Barns, Space Requirements and BIS Norms

Forage Conservation and Evaluation

2 Topics
Silage Making Technology: Microbiology, Fermentation Phases and Quality Standards Hay Making, Artificial Dehydration and Forage Preservation Principles

Genetic Strategies

1 Topic
Reproductive Technologies in Breeding: AI, Cryopreservation, MOET and ONBS

Health Management

1 Topic
Preventive Herd Health: Vaccination, Deworming Schedules and Common Livestock Diseases

Production and Management of Cattle and Buffalo

1 Topic
Dairy Cattle and Buffalo Breeds: Distribution, Phenotypic Standards and Adaptation

Selection & Selection Experiments

3 Topics
Sire Evaluation, Contemporary Comparison, Least-Squares and BLUP Methodologies Selection Methods: Mass, Pedigree, Family Selection and Selection Intensity Multi-Trait Selection Indices, Tandem Selection and Independent Culling Levels

Genetic Laboratory Techniques

1 Topic
Molecular Markers (RFLP, Microsatellites, SNPs) and Genomic Selection in Livestock

Production and Management of Other Animals

2 Topics
Camel, Yak and Pack Animal Management: Draft Norms, Churpi and Arid Adaptation Commercial Poultry Management: Broiler, Layer Housing, Lighting and Nutrition Norms

Research Techniques for Quantitative Animal Genetics

2 Topics
Computer Applications, Database Management and Correction for Non-Genetic Factors Estimation of Variance Components: ANOVA, Henderson Methods, ML and REML

Laboratory Animal Breeding

2 Topics
Breeding Systems for Lab Animals: Inbred Strains, Outbred Stocks and Transgenic/Knockout Lines Biology, Reproductive Parameters and Management of Common Laboratory Animals
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