Q.84
Livestock Production Management- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024
MCQ (Single Correct)
Total digestible nutrient of feed is equal to:
EXPLANATION Ration Formulation, Total Mixed Rations (TMR) and BIS Compound Feed Standards
  • Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) Equation: TDN measures the total energy content of a feedstuff expressed in terms of carbohydrate equivalence:
$$\text{TDN} = \text{DCP} + \text{DCF} + \text{DNFE} + (2.25 \times \text{DEE})$$

where:

  • $\text{DCP}$: Digestible Crude Protein
  • $\text{DCF}$: Digestible Crude Fibre
  • $\text{DNFE}$: Digestible Nitrogen-Free Extract
  • $\text{DEE}$: Digestible Ether Extract (multiplied by $2.25$ because fat has $2.25$ times higher gross energy density than carbohydrates, $9.45 / 4.15$).

Correct option: (2) DCP+DCF+DNFE+ 2. 25DEE

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Livestock Production & Management Subjects

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General Agriculture

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Agronomy, Tillage & Field Crop Production Cell Biology, Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Agricultural Entomology, Nematology & Crop Protection Agricultural Meteorology & Climate Science Soil Science, Plant Nutrition & Reclamation Crop Genetics, Plant Breeding & IPR

Basic and General Aspects of Livestock Products

3 Topics
Muscle Structure, Contractile Proteins, Fiber Types and Post-Mortem Glycolysis Milk Chemistry, True Constituents, Synthesis and Dairy Processing Principles Meat Processing Biochemistry: Emulsions, Binders, Curing and Water Holding Capacity

Energy and Proteins

3 Topics
Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism, Essential Fatty Acids and Bioenergetics Protein Nutrition, Essential Amino Acids, CNCPS System and Protein Degradability Energy Partitioning, Calorimetry, Gross, Digestible and Metabolizable Energy

General

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Livestock Demography, Census, Economic Contribution to GVA and Farming Systems Animal Ethology, Behaviour, Domestication Principles and Welfare Climate Change, Thermal Stress, Adaptation Physiology and THI in Livestock

Overview of Genetics

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Mendelian Inheritance, Gene Interactions, Lethals and Multiple Alleles

Poultry Genetics and Breeding

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Poultry Phylogeny, Taxonomy, Domestication and Standard Breed Classes Indigenous Indian Chicken and Avian Breeds and AnGR Conservation

Advanced Genetics

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Recombinant DNA Technology, PCR, DNA Sequencing, Cloning and Transgenic Animals

Breeding Management

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Farm-Level Breeding Records, Pedigree Maintenance and Selection Methodologies

Minerals, Vitamins and Feed Additives

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Fat-Soluble and Water-Soluble Vitamins: Chemistry, Bioavailability and Requirements Feed Additives, Prebiotics, Probiotics, Enzymes and UMMB Formulations

Poultry Nutrition

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Mineral and Vitamin Nutrition: Calcium, Phosphorus, Trace Minerals and Deficiencies Energy and Protein Nutrition: Metabolizable Energy, Essential Amino Acids and Feeding Standards

Avian Physiology

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Avian Respiratory System, Pneumatic Bones and Air Sac Anatomy

Feeding Management

2 Topics
Practical Ruminant Feeding: Dry Matter Intake, Thumb Rules and FCM Calculations Ration Formulation, Total Mixed Rations (TMR) and BIS Compound Feed Standards Active

Overview of Breeding

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Domestication, Evolution and Indian Breeds of Livestock and Poultry (AnGR) Heterosis, Combining Ability, Diallel Crosses and Reciprocal Recurrent Selection

PFA and FSSAI Standards of Different Dairy Products

4 Topics
Fluid Milk Standards, Pasteurization Kinetics, Phosphatase Test and Homogenization Egg Science and Technology: Structure, Quality Grading, Preservation and Thermal Coagulation Processed Egg Products: Liquid Eggs, Egg Powder, Whipping Aids and Designer Eggs Clean-in-Place (CIP) Systems, Detergents, Sanitizers and Dairy Plant Hygiene

Rumen Eco-system and Functions

1 Topic
Rumen Microbiology: Bacteria, Protozoa, Fungi and Archaeal Methanogens

Genetic Properties of Population

3 Topics
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, Gene Frequencies and Forces Altering Gene Frequency Metric Traits, Population Mean, Breeding Values and Average Effect of Gene Substitution Components of Phenotypic Variance and Resemblance Between Relatives

Poultry Products Technology

1 Topic
Egg Preservation, Storage, Spoilage Microbiology and Pasteurization

Reproduction Management

2 Topics
Artificial Insemination Practice, Pregnancy Diagnosis, Infertility and Calving Management Estrus Detection Methods, Estrus Synchronization and AM-PM Breeding Rule

Wool, Mohair and Fur

1 Topic
Wool Processing: Scouring, Carbonization, Carding, Combing (Tops/Noils) and Finishing

Poultry Management

1 Topic
Grower, Pullet and Layer Management: Space, Lighting Regimes and Debeaking

Shelter Management

2 Topics
Housing Systems: Loose Housing, Stanchion Barns, Space Requirements and BIS Norms Waste Management, Manure Handling, Biogas, Composting and Carcass Disposal

Forage Conservation and Evaluation

2 Topics
Silage Making Technology: Microbiology, Fermentation Phases and Quality Standards Hay Making, Artificial Dehydration and Forage Preservation Principles

Health Management

1 Topic
Preventive Herd Health: Vaccination, Deworming Schedules and Common Livestock Diseases

Production and Management of Cattle and Buffalo

2 Topics
Dairy Cattle and Buffalo Breeds: Distribution, Phenotypic Standards and Adaptation Milking Techniques, Machine Milking, Labour Requirements and Herd Life Cycle

Production and Management of Other Animals

7 Topics
Swine Production and Management: Breeds, Farrowing, Piglet Care and Farrowing Index Equine Management: Stables, Conformation, Reproductive Care and Draft Work Commercial Poultry Management: Broiler, Layer Housing, Lighting and Nutrition Norms Goat Production and Management: Breeds, Housing, Mating and Pashmina/Meat Systems Camel, Yak and Pack Animal Management: Draft Norms, Churpi and Arid Adaptation Sheep Production and Management: Breeds, Wool Harvesting, Shearing and Scouring Rabbit Production and Commercial Management: Housing, Meat, Angora Fur and Productivity

Wildlife Management

2 Topics
Captive Wildlife Management: Zoo Enclosure Standards, CZA Guidelines and Ungulate Biology Wildlife Conservation in India: Sanctuaries, National Parks, In-Situ/Ex-Situ Protected Areas

Forage Production and Conservation

2 Topics
Fodder Agronomy: Annual and Perennial Fodders, Seed Rates, Yield and Round-the-Year Calendar Pasture Management, Silvopastoral Systems and Fodder Conservation

Laboratory Animal Breeding

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Biology, Reproductive Parameters and Management of Common Laboratory Animals

Economics and Marketing of Livestock and Poultry and their Products

2 Topics
Livestock Farm Economics, Project Formulation, Benefit-Cost Ratio, NPV and Break-Even Analysis Marketing of Livestock and Products: Vertical Integration, Cooperatives and Supply Chains
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