Q.109
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Sulphur-oxidising bacteria also have a role to play in the coal mining industry.
Reason (R) : These microbes carry out biodesulphurisation of coal to remove the sulphur before combustion.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
- Assertion (A): True. Acidophilic chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (such as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans) play an important industrial role in the pre-combustion processing of high-sulfur coal.
- Reason (R): True. These microorganisms carry out biodesulfurization of coal by biologically oxidizing inorganic pyrite ($\text{FeS}_2$) into soluble sulfate and ferric iron according to the reaction:
Removing the pyritic sulfur prior to coal combustion prevents the formation and atmospheric emission of sulfur dioxide ($\text{SO}_2$), which causes acid rain.
- Relationship: Reason (R) provides the direct scientific rationale and mechanism for the industrial application stated in Assertion (A) (Option 1).
Correct option: (1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
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