Q.113
Read the following statements regarding use of microarrays for the analysis of microbial diversity
(A) . Itcan be used for phylogenetic and gene expression analysis.
(B) . Phylochips, a microarray designed for biodiversity studies, can be used for screening of microbial communities for
specific groups of prokaryotes.
(C) . For phylochips microarray analysis, genes encoding small subunit of rRNA need to be amplified by PCR followed by
cloning and sequencing of the targeted gene
(D) . Microarray can also detect genes encoding functions of biogeochemical significance.
(E) . Totally unrelated genes may yield false positive results if they are sufficiently complementary to the probe to cause
hybridization.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- Application of Microarrays in Microbial Ecology:
- Statement (A) is correct: Microarrays can be designed for taxonomic identification (phylogenetic analysis) and functional profiling (mRNA gene expression analysis).
- Statement (B) is correct: PhyloChips are specialized high-density oligonucleotide microarrays carrying 16S rRNA gene probes targeting thousands of bacterial and archaeal taxa simultaneously.
- Statement (D) is correct: GeoChips are functional gene arrays containing probes for thousands of genes involved in carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus biogeochemical cycles.
- Statement (E) is correct: A recognized limitation of microarrays is cross-hybridization, where non-target gene sequences with sufficient complementarity bind to probes and produce false-positive hybridization signals.
- Statement (C) is incorrect: Microarrays do not require cloning and sequencing of PCR products; the entire purpose of microarray technology is high-throughput hybridization detection without cloning.
- Conclusion: Statements (A), (B), (D), and (E) are correct (Option 4).
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