Q.85
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other one labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Lysosomes are membrane enclosed compartments that contain digestive enzymes that hydrolyse proteins,
fats and polysaccharides and hydrolyze damaged cellular components and recycling these materials for new biosynthesis
Reason (R) : Lysosomes allow the cell’s lytic activities to be partitioned away from the cytoplasm proper and resulting
Nutrients pass from the lysosome into the cytoplasm for use by cytoplasmic enzymes
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
- Assertion (A): True. Lysosomes are membrane-delimited eukaryotic organelles containing over 50 acidic hydrolases (proteases, lipases, nucleases, glycosidases) that break down macromolecules, autophagocytose damaged organelles, and recycle monomeric constituents.
- Reason (R): True. The lysosomal limiting membrane maintains an acidic lumen ($pH \sim 4.5-5.0$ driven by V-type $\text{H}^+$-ATPases), sequestering destructive lytic enzymes away from the neutral cytosol ($pH \sim 7.2$). Upon macromolecular hydrolysis, specific permeases and carrier proteins transport the resulting amino acids, monosaccharides, and nucleotides into the cytoplasm for anabolic metabolism.
- Relationship: Reason (R) provides the functional and physiological explanation for the compartmentalized digestive architecture described in Assertion (A) (Option 1).
Correct option: (1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
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