Q.110
The primary processes involved in salt accumulation in soils are
(A) . Weathering of rocks and parent materials.
(B) . Low water table with less evaporative demand
(C) . Excessive application of salts in fertilizer, animal manure, or compost.
(D) . Poor quality (high salt) irrigation water; irrigation mismanagement, with poor
internal soil drainage
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- Primary Processes of Soil Salinization:
- Geochemical weathering of primary minerals in parent rocks releasing soluble sodium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride ions.
- Excessive application of chemical fertilizers, poultry manure, or saline composts.
- Irrigation with saline/sodic groundwater combined with inadequate drainage.
- Incorrect Process (B): Salt accumulation requires a shallow water table ($\lt 1.5 - 2\text{ m}$) coupled with high evaporative demand, which draws saline water to the surface; a low water table with low evaporative demand prevents salinization.
- Conclusion: Statements (A), (C), and (D) only are the primary processes. (Correct answer: Option 4)
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