Q.81
Veterinary Pathology- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024
MCQ (Single Correct)
+4
−1
A production disease, related to negative energy balance in lactating cows is
EXPLANATION
Production Diseases of Ruminants: Ketosis (Acetonemia, Negative Energy Balance), Milk Fever & Hypocalcemia
- Metabolic Etiology of Bovine Ketosis: Ketosis (acetonemia) is a classic nutritional-metabolic production disease in high-yielding dairy cattle occurring during the transition period and early lactation ($2\text{--}7\text{ weeks}$ postpartum).
- Negative Energy Balance (NEB): Energy demands for peak milk lactose synthesis outstrip dry matter intake, creating a profound negative energy balance. The cow mobilizes large reserves of adipose non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) to the liver. Incomplete hepatic oxidation due to oxaloacetate depletion diverts acetyl-CoA into excessive synthesis of ketone bodies (acetoacetate, $\beta$-hydroxybutyrate, acetone), inducing clinical ketosis, hypoglycemia, and fatty liver syndrome.
- Contrasting Diseases:
- Parturient Paresis (Milk Fever): Acute disturbance of calcium homeostasis (hypocalcemia).
- Postparturient Hemoglobinuria: Acute hemolytic disorder driven by severe hypophosphatemia.
Correct option: (2) Ketosis
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