The exact order of echogenicity of the given abdominal organs in... | Agrigyan

Q.99

Veterinary Surgery and Radiology- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024

MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1

The exact order of echogenicity of the given abdominal organs in dogs is

Liver2Kidney=Spleen2Ovary KidneyzLiver2Spleen20vary SpleenzLiver2Kidneyzovary Correct OvaryzKidney2Spleenziiver

Comparative Organ Echogenicity in Canines: In diagnostic abdominal ultrasonography in dogs, the standard normal descending hierarchy of parenchymal echogenicity is:

$$\mathbf{Spleen \ge Liver \ge Renal\ Cortex \ge Ovary}$$

Relative Brightness: The spleen possesses the finest, most densely reflective architecture (most echogenic / brightest), followed by liver parenchyma, followed by renal cortex, with follicular ovarian parenchyma being less echogenic.

Correct option: (3) SpleenzLiver2Kidneyzovary

Explanation not matching this question? क्या व्याख्या इस प्रश्न से मेल नहीं खा रही? Report

Want to practice this paper in exam conditions? क्या आप परीक्षा जैसे माहौल में अभ्यास करना चाहते हैं? Test yourself in 5-question batch format with timer and hidden answers. 5-प्रश्नों के बैच फॉर्मैट, टाइमर और छिपे उत्तरों के साथ खुद को परखें।

Start Practice Mode → प्रैक्टिस टेस्ट मोड शुरू करें →

General Agriculture

5 Topics

Soil Science, Plant Nutrition & Reclamation Crop Genetics, Plant Breeding & IPR Agronomy, Tillage & Field Crop Production Cell Biology, Plant Physiology & Biochemistry Agricultural Entomology, Nematology & Crop Protection

General Medicine

1 Topic

General Systemic States: Pathogenesis of Septicemia, Toxemia, Bacteremia & Pyemia

General Surgery

6 Topics

Wound Biology, Healing Phases, Infection Lag Period (6-8 Hours) & Fibroblasts Surgical Suture Materials: Synthetic Absorbable vs Polyamide/Nylon & Needle Selection Shock Pathophysiology: Endotoxic Shock (E. coli), Hypovolemic & Septic Shock Management Tissue & Organ Transplantation Biology: Allograft, Isograft, Autograft & Rejection Surgical Infections, Abscess, Sinus, Fistula, Gangrene & Myiasis (Calliphora) Pre-Operative Assessment, ASA Physical Status Classification (ASA II Umbilical Hernia) & Care

Veterinary Gynaecology

3 Topics

Functional Anatomy & Histology of Female Genitalia: Ovaries, Oviducts (Peg Cells) & Cervix (Sialomucin) Pregnancy Diagnosis: Rectal Palpation, Membrane Slip, Placentomes & Biomarkers Congenital & Developmental Anomalies: White Heifer Disease, Freemartinism & Intersexuality

Anaesthesia

8 Topics

Inhalant Anaesthetics: Halothane, Isoflurane, Sevoflurane & Breathing Systems (Rebreathing) Opioid Analgesia & Neuroleptanalgesia: Morphine Actions (Constipation) & Immobilon SA (0.074 mg/ml) Neuromuscular Blockers & Spasmolytics: Adrenaline in Bronchospasm & Trismus Management Pre-Anaesthetic Anticholinergics: Glycopyrrolate (Non-Crossing BBB) vs Atropine Sedatives & Tranquilizers: Phenothiazines (Acepromazine Penile Prolapse in Equines) & Alpha-2 Intravenous & Dissociative Anaesthesia: Barbiturates, Propofol, Ketamine-Diazepam Anaesthetic Monitoring, Neonatal Hypothermia & Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Chemical Immobilization & Capture of Wild Animals & Exotic Anaesthesia (Snake Intubation)

Comparative Splanchnology

1 Topic

Accessory Digestive Organs: Liver, Scythe-Shaped Spleen in Equines & Canine Pancreas

Diagnosis of Animal Diseases

1 Topic

Diagnostic Ultrasonography: Principles, Probes & Soft-Tissue Imaging in Farm Animals

Drugs Acting on Central Nervous System

1 Topic

Central Stimulants, Anticonvulsants & Euthanatizing Agents

Accidents during Gestation

2 Topics

Gestational Pathology: Hydrallantois (Bloated Bull Frog) vs Hydramnios (Bulldog Calf) Fetal Death: Maceration, Mummification (Trimester & Bone Resorption) & Embryonic Mortality

Drugs Acting on Humoral and Autonomic Nervous Systems

2 Topics

Cholinergic Transmission: Muscarinic & Nicotinic Agonists, Anticholinesterases & Antidotes Adrenergic Antagonists: Alpha-Blockers (Tolazoline, Prazosin) & Beta-Blockers

Gastroenterology

4 Topics

Ruminal Tympany (Bloat): Pathogenesis of Frothy vs Free-Gas Bloat, Trocarization & Emergency Rumenotomy Equine Colic: Etiology, Spasmodic, Impaction, Tympanitic & Strangulating Obstructions Enteritis, Secretory vs Malabsorptive Diarrhea & Dysentery in Farm Animals Hepatic Diseases: Hepatocellular, Hemolytic & Obstructive Jaundice, Hepatitis & Hepatic Lipidosis

Myology, Angiology, Neurology and Aesthesiology of Ox

2 Topics

Myology of Head, Neck & Trunk: Digastricus (Two Bellies), Sublumbar & Prepubic Tendon Peripheral Neurology & Clinical Nerve Blocks: Mental, Mandibular & Sweeney (Suprascapular)

Radiology

8 Topics

Diagnostic Ultrasonography: Physics, Echogenicity Hierarchy (Spleen > Liver > Kidney > Ovary) Active Contrast Radiography: Cholecystopaques (Meglumine Iodoxamate) & Radiolucent Uroliths (Uric Acid) Diagnostic Ultrasound Artifacts: Ring Down Artifact (Gas Bubbles, Biopsy Needles) & Shadowing Advanced Diagnostic Imaging: Computed Tomography (CT), MRI (Radiowaves) & Scintigraphy (Tc-99m) Radiation Therapy (Superficial vs Deep 200-300 keV) & Radiobiology: Spleen Radiosensitivity Production & Physics of X-Rays: X-Ray Tube, Tungsten Target (Melting Point 3370 C) & Heel Effect Darkroom Chemistry, Processing & Radiographic Artifacts: Exhausted Fixer Yellow Films Radiographic Interpretation & Skeletal Lesion Patterns: Phalangeal Exostosis Amorphous Pattern

Diseases of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary System

2 Topics

Pulmonary Congestion, Edema, Epistaxis & Hemoptysis in Animals Pulmonary Emphysema, Atelectasis & Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Orthopaedics and Lameness

6 Topics

Joint Affections: Coxo-Femoral Dislocation (Antero-Dorsal in Cattle) & Cranial Drawer Sign (CCL) Bone Biomechanics, Blood Supply in Early Repair (Extraosseous Supply) & Healing Timeline (8-10 Weeks) Patellar Affections: Upward Fixation of Patella (Medial Patellar Desmotomy) & Canine Patellar Luxation Fracture Classification (Salter-Harris) & Principles of Conservative Reduction & Coaptation Internal Fracture Fixation: Intramedullary Pins, Cerclage Wires & Diaphyseal Cortical Screws Equine Lameness, Conformation (Carpus Valgus vs Carpus Varus / Bow Legs) & Soundness Exam

Andrology

3 Topics

Functional Anatomy & Histology of Male Genital Tract: Testes, Epididymis & Glands Spermatogenesis, Seminiferous Epithelial Cycle & Duration across Domestic Species Sperm Morphology & Viability: Primary vs Secondary Sperm Abnormalities & Staining

Diseases of Urinary, Nervous, Musculoskeletal and Integumentary Systems

1 Topic

Renal Pathology: Acute & Chronic Renal Failure, Nephrosis & Glomerulonephritis

Drugs Acting on Digestive System

1 Topic

Gastric & Ruminal Pharmacology: Antacids, H2-Blockers, PPIs & Ruminal Buffers

General and Systemic Histology and Ultrastructure

3 Topics

Histology of Lymphoid Organs & Serosa: Peritoneal Mesothelium & Thymic Hassall's Corpuscles Muscle & Nervous Tissue Histology: Microglia (CNS Macrophages) & Auerbach's Plexus Histology of Digestive & Respiratory: Serous Demilunes, Brunner's Glands & Type II Pneumocytes

Surgery of Head and Neck Region

5 Topics

Ophthalmic Surgery: Entropion, Ectropion, Chemosis (Conjunctival Oedema) & Eyeworm Nerve Blocks Oral & Dental Surgery: Quidding (Sharp Molars in Ruminants), Floating, Cleft Palate & Ranula Laryngeal & Pharyngeal Surgery: Equine Laryngeal Hemiplegia (Roaring), Ventriculectomy & Tracheotomy Oesophageal Surgery: Ruminant Choke (Post-Pharyngeal Predominance), Oesophagotomy & Retrieval Salivary Glands, Cervical Affections & Conformation (Equine Dorsal Neck Double of Ventral)

Developmental Anatomy

2 Topics

Fertilization, Cleavage Types (Meroblastic Discoidal in Birds) & Blastocyst Sequence Placentology & Fetal Remnants: Canine Zonary Endotheliochorial & Umbilical Vein Remnant

Thoracic Surgery

1 Topic

Thoracic Anatomy (7 Sternal Vertebrae in Horse, Dorsal Longitudinal Ligament) & Approaches

Abdominal and Pelvic Surgery

6 Topics

Intestinal Surgery: Resection-Anastomosis & Intussusception (Bulls-Eye Sign, 5 Layers) Urolithiasis & Urinary Surgery: Calculi at Goat Urethral Process, Tube Cystostomy & Urethrostomy Abomasal Displacement & Volvulus (LDA/RDA): Surgical Utrecht Left Flank Omentopexy Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV) in Dogs: Greater Curvature Necrosis & Gastropexy Surgery of Male & Female Genital Tract: Castration, Cryptorchidism, Phimosis & C-Section Udder & Teat Surgery: Teat Lacerations, Teat Spider, Canal Obstruction & Mastectomy

Autacoids

1 Topic

Vasoactive Peptides & Mediators: Kinins, Serotonin, Nitric Oxide & Endothelin

Chemotherapy

1 Topic

Anthelmintics, Antiprotozoals & Anticoccidials: Benzimidazoles, Macrocyclic Lactones & Robenidine

Neuroanatomy

1 Topic

Gross Morphology of Brain: Cerebrum, Cerebellum (Peduncles, Trapezoid Body) & Brainstem

Toxicology

2 Topics

General Principles of Toxicology: Toxicity Ratings, Toxicokinetics & Antidotal Therapeutics Phytotoxicoses & Plant Poisonings: Cyanide, Nitrates, Oxalates & Glucosides

Equine Reproduction

1 Topic

Stallion Reproduction: Andrology, Breeding Management, Copulation Duration & Semen AI

Canine and Feline Reproduction

1 Topic

Canine Estrous Cycle: Vaginal Cytology & Progesterone Ovulation Timing

Veterinary Surgery and Radiology- ICAR JRF/SRF 2024

120 Questions Bilingual

RPSC Agriculture Exams

5 Exams

Food Safety Officer Assistant Agriculture Officer Agriculture Officer RPSC Agriculture Research Officer RPSC AARO

RSSB Agriculture Exams

1 Exam

RSSB Agriculture Supervisor

National & PG Entrances

4 Exams

ICAR AIEEA PG CUET UG Rajasthan Agriculture Pre-PG

ICAR JRF/SRF Active