Standard recommended longitudinal land slopes for surface irrigation (border strip and furrow irrigation) according to soil texture:
Heavy (clay) soils: 0.05% to 0.20% (require flatter slopes due to low infiltration to prevent excessive runoff).
Medium (loamy) soils: 0.20% to 0.40% (safe limit providing optimum advance rate and uniform distribution without soil erosion).
Light (sandy) soils: 0.25% to 0.65% (steeper slope to ensure rapid advance before deep percolation losses occur).
सतही सिंचाई (border strip/furrow) हेतु मृदा की बनावट के अनुसार अनुशंसित ढलान की सुरक्षित सीमाएं:
भारी (चिकनी) मिट्टी: 0.05 से 0.20%
मध्यम (दोमट) मिट्टी: 0.20 से 0.40%
हल्की (बलुई) मिट्टी: 0.25 से 0.65%