For a counter-flow heat exchanger, fluids flow in opposite directions:
- At End 1 (Hot fluid inlet & Cold fluid outlet):
\[ \Delta T_1 = T_{h, \text{in}} - T_{c, \text{out}} = 22^\circ\text{C} - 3^\circ\text{C} = 19^\circ\text{C} \] - At End 2 (Hot fluid outlet & Cold fluid inlet):
\[ \Delta T_2 = T_{h, \text{out}} - T_{c, \text{in}} = 6^\circ\text{C} - (-2^\circ\text{C}) = 6 + 2 = 8^\circ\text{C} \] - The Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD, \(\Delta T_m\)) is defined as: \[ \Delta T_m = \frac{\Delta T_1 - \Delta T_2}{\ln\left(\frac{\Delta T_1}{\Delta T_2}\right)} = \frac{19 - 8}{\ln\left(\frac{19}{8}\right)} \]
काउंटर-फ्लो हीट एक्सचेंजर के लिए सिरे 1 पर तापमान अंतर \(\Delta T_1 = 22 - 3 = 19^\circ\text{C}\) और सिरे 2 पर \(\Delta T_2 = 6 - (-2) = 8^\circ\text{C}\) है।
लघुगणकीय माध्य तापमान अंतर (LMTD) का सूत्र \(\Delta T_m = \frac{\Delta T_1 - \Delta T_2}{\ln(\Delta T_1 / \Delta T_2)} = \frac{19 - 8}{\ln(19/8)}\) होता है।