वन संसाधन प्रबंधन एवं नीतियां

For a normal forest with a complete series of age gradations from $1$ to $R$ years where the final volume at rotation age $R$ is $V_R$, the normal growing stock before felling is $\text{NGS} = \frac{V_R \times R}{2}$. Here $R = 10\text{ years}$ and the volume of the mature gradation $V_R = 500\text{ m}^3$. Therefore, $\text{NGS} = \frac{500 \times 10}{2} = 2500\text{ m}^3$. Option analysis: (A) $2150\text{ m}^3$ is incorrect. (B) $2050\text{ m}^3$ is incorrect. (C) $2500\text{ m}^3$ is the correct formula calculation. (D) $3500\text{ m}^3$ is incorrect.

Forest cover statistics as per ISFR 2021 (Forest Survey of India):

• $20.21\%$ is incorrect.
• $20.71\%$ is incorrect.
• $22.21\%$ is incorrect.
• $21.71\%$ of geographical area: Total forest cover of India stands at $7,13,789\text{ sq km}$, which is exactly $21.71\%$ of the country's total geographical area.
  
  Option breakdown:
• Incorrect percentage.
• Incorrect percentage.
• Incorrect percentage.
• $21.71\%$ is the official ISFR 2021 figure.

Option analysis:
(A) In the India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2017, total forest and tree cover was $24.39\%$ ($21.54\%$ forest cover and $2.85\%$ tree cover).