सब्जी विज्ञान (ओलेरीकल्चर)

Floral biology of cashew (Anacardium occidentale):

• Monoecious plants bear separate staminate and pistillate unisexual flowers on the same plant.
• Dioecious plants bear male and female flowers on separate individuals.
• Cashew is strictly andromonoecious; its inflorescence (terminal panicle) bears two types of flowers on the same tree: male (staminate) flowers and hermaphrodite (bisexual) flowers, with male flowers outnumbering bisexual flowers (typically 80-90% male).
• Gynodioecious plants have female and bisexual individuals.
  
  Option breakdown:
• Not monoecious; flowers are hermaphrodite and male.
• Not dioecious.
• Andromonoecious is the exact botanical sexual system.
• Gynodioecious is typical of papaya solo types, not cashew.

Analysis of statements on self-incompatibility:

• Both correct is false because Statement (II) is historically incorrect.
• Both incorrect is false because Statement (I) is correct.
• Statement (I) is correct but Statement (II) is incorrect: Statement (I) is correct because in gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI), pollen behavior is governed directly by its own haploid S-allele genotype. Statement (II) is incorrect because Hughes and Babcock (1950) in Crepis foetida and Gerstel (1950) in Parthenium argentatum discovered SPOROPHYTIC self-incompatibility (SSI). Gametophytic incompatibility was discovered much earlier by East and Mangelsdorf (1925) in Nicotiana sanderae.
• Statement (I) is not incorrect.
  
  Option breakdown:
• Statement (II) is false.
• Statement (I) is true.
• Statement (I) is correct and Statement (II) is incorrect.
• Statement (I) is valid.