Pummelo (Citrus grandis / Citrus maxima) is strictly monoembryonic, producing seeds that contain only a single zygotic sexual embryo, making it an invaluable female parent in citrus hybridization.

• Grapefruit: Citrus paradisi is highly polyembryonic.
• Acid lime: Citrus aurantifolia is polyembryonic.
• Sweet orange: Citrus sinensis is polyembryonic.
• Pummelo: One of the few true ancestral monoembryonic species in the genus Citrus.

For seed crop production of carrot (Daucus carota) under the root-to-seed or seed-to-seed method, a recommended seed rate of 4 to 5 kg/ha is used to raise mother stecklings.

• 5 kg/ha: Standard agronomic seed rate prescribed for raising the carrot seed crop.
• 7-8 kg/ha: Typical seed rate for commercial table root production.
• 8-10 kg/ha: Heavy seeding rate for fresh carrot production in Asian types.
• 3 kg/ha: Too sparse to ensure required steckling population density.

Kinetin (6-furfurylaminopurine) is a synthetic cytokinin that actively promotes cell division, organogenesis, and plant growth, whereas B-9 (Alar), Cycocel (CCC), and AMO-1618 are plant growth retardants inhibiting gibberellin synthesis.

• 9: Daminozide (Alar), a commercial plant growth retardant.
• Kinetin: A growth promoter (cytokinin), NOT a growth retardant.
• Cycocel: Chlormequat chloride (CCC), a classic anti-gibberellin growth retardant.
• AMO - 1618: Quaternary ammonium compound that inhibits copalyl diphosphate synthase, functioning as a growth retardant.