Q112: 'ATMA' was introduced in 2005-06 to address the constraints of: - Agricultural Extension Education & Communication - RPSC Agriculture Officer 2011 | Agrigyan

Analysis of extension reform schemes:

• CD: Community Development Programme (1952).
• T&V: The Training and Visit (T&V) system developed by Daniel Benor suffered from high operating costs, top-down rigidity, poor farmer participation, and lack of cross-disciplinary convergence; ATMA (Agricultural Technology Management Agency) was formally expanded nationwide in 2005–06 to overcome these constraints with a decentralized, bottom-up, farmer-driven model.
• GMF: Grow More Food Campaign (1942/1947).
• HYVP: High Yielding Varieties Programme (1966).