Biology CUET UG 26-05-2023 Shift 3 Paper

Biopiracy is the term used to refer to the use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other organisations without proper authorisation from the countries and people concerned without compensatory payment.

For aquatic organisms, the chemical composition and pH of water are critical. Many freshwater animals placed in seawater lose water by exosmosis and shrivel, while marine animals placed in freshwater gain water by endosmosis and lyse. Due to these severe osmotic problems, stenohaline animals cannot survive outside their native salinity ranges.

In nature, food chains are not isolated linear entities. Consumers feed on multiple trophic levels and prey on different species. This network of interconnected feeding relationships is called a food web.