which of the following pair of nif genes control the expression of other nif genes?
ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 - Plant Biotechnology
Official ICAR AIEEA PG 2024 solved question paper with verified bilingual step-by-step solutions.
The products of
निम्नलिखित में से nif जीनों के किस युग्म के उत्पाद अन्य nif जीनों की अभिव्यक्ति (Expression) को नियंत्रित करते हैं?
The DNA of the microorganisms living under conditions of extreme temperature is predominantly:
अत्यधिक उच्च तापमान (Extreme temperature) की परिस्थितियों में रहने वाले सूक्ष्मजीवों का डीएनए मुख्य रूप से कैसा होता है?
Match List-I with List-II:
सूची-I को सूची-II से सुमेलित कीजिए:
|
List - I
|
List - II
|
||
|---|---|---|---|
| A | A-DNA A-DNA | I | Triplex DNA ट्रिप्लेक्स DNA (Triplex DNA) |
| B | B-DNA B-DNA | II | Short, broad and right-handed छोटा, चौड़ा और दक्षिणावर्ती (Short, broad and right-handed) |
| C | Z-DNA Z-DNA | III | Longer, thinner and right-handed लंबा, पतला और दक्षिणावर्ती (Longer, thinner and right-handed) |
| D | H-DNA H-DNA | IV | The conformation of glycosyl bond is anti at Cytosine and syn at Guanine in alternating pyrimidine-purine sequence एकांतर पाइरीमिडीन-प्यूरिन अनुक्रम में ग्लाइकोसिल बंध का विन्यास साइटोसिन पर anti और ग्वानिन पर syn होता है |
Fishermen, in certain parts of the world follow a practice of beating the roots of tree along riverbanks in a manner that transfers the extract of the roots into water. This practice paralyzes fishes and makes them easy prey. The most acceptable reason for this observation is:
विश्व के कुछ हिस्सों में मछुआरे नदी के किनारों पर पेड़ों की जड़ों को इस तरह
कूटते/पीटते हैं कि जड़ों का अर्क पानी में घुल जाता है। यह क्रिया मछलियों को लकवाग्रस्त (paralyze) कर देती है जिससे वे आसानी से पकड़ी जाती हैं। इस अवलोकन का सबसे स्वीकार्य वैज्ञानिक कारण क्या है?
Match List-I with List-II:
सूची-I को सूची-II से सुमेलित कीजिए:
|
List - I
|
List - II
|
||
|---|---|---|---|
| A | $\alpha$-Keratin $\alpha$-केराटिन ($\alpha$-Keratin) | I | Contains predominantly $\alpha$-helices in its secondary structure इसकी द्वितीयक संरचना में मुख्य रूप से $\alpha$-हेलिक्स होते हैं |
| B | Collagen कोलेजन (Collagen) | II | Rich in Cysteine residues सिस्टीन अवशेषों से भरपूर (Rich in Cysteine residues) |
| C | Myoglobin मायोग्लोबिन (Myoglobin) | III | Rich in Glycine, Proline and Hydroxyproline ग्लाइसिन, प्रोलीन और हाइड्रॉक्सीप्रोलीन से भरपूर (Rich in Glycine, Proline and Hydroxyproline) |
| D | Concanavalin A कॉनकानावालिन A (Concanavalin A) | IV | Contains $\beta$-pleated sheets in high abundance in its secondary structure इसकी द्वितीयक संरचना में $\beta$-प्लीटेड शीट्स प्रचुर मात्रा में होती हैं |
General Agriculture, Cell Biology, Genetics, Biochemistry & Plant Protection
5 Topics
Elements of Crop Production, Agronomy and Soils of India
Historical Perspective, Agricultural Education and Research Setup in India
Elements of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology
Major Pests, Diseases and Crop Protection Principles
Agricultural Statistics, Experimental Designs and Chi-Square Testing
Plant Biochemistry
12 Topics
Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis, Fermentation, Pentose Phosphate Pathway and TCA Cycle
Lipids, Fatty Acid Classification, Triglyceride and Membrane Lipid Biosynthesis
Amino Acids, Peptides and Structural Organization of Proteins
Enzymology: Classification, Catalytic Mechanisms, Active Sites and Allosteric Kinetics
Nitrogen Assimilation: Nitrate Reductase, GS-GOGAT Pathway and Biological Nitrogen Fixation
Active
Analytical Biochemical Techniques: Chromatography, Electrophoresis, Centrifugation and Spectroscopy
Acid-Base Balance, Buffers, Thermodynamics and Cell Bioenergetics
Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain, Oxidative Phosphorylation and Inhibitors
Vitamins, Coenzymes and Trace Minerals in Biochemical Catalysis
Lipid Catabolism: Fatty Acid Activation, Beta-Oxidation and Glyoxylate Cycle
Chemistry, Structure and Stereochemistry of Carbohydrates
Secondary Plant Metabolites: Phenolics, Terpenoids, Alkaloids and Shikimate Pathway
Plant Biotechnology & Molecular Biology
15 Topics
Functional Genomics, RNA Interference (RNAi), Genome Editing (CRISPR-Cas) and Biosafety/IPR
Polymerase Chain Reaction, cDNA/Genomic Libraries and Blotting Techniques
DNA/RNA Chemistry, Replication and DNA Repair Mechanisms
Transcription, RNA Polymerases, Promoters and Post-Transcriptional Processing
Restriction Enzymes, DNA Modifying Enzymes and Molecular Cloning Vectors
Genetic Code, Wobble Hypothesis, Translation and Post-Translational Modifications
Cell Ultrastructure, Organelles, Cell Cycle and Chromatin Architecture
Genetic Transformation: Agrobacterium-Mediated Gene Transfer and Ti Plasmid
Plant Tissue Culture Principles: Totipotency, Media, Explants and Organogenesis
Protoplast Isolation, Fusion, Somatic Hybridization and Cybrids
Molecular Markers (RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSR, SNP) and Marker-Assisted Selection
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Gene Regulation, Operons and Epigenetics
Somatic Embryogenesis, Synthetic Seeds and Micropropagation Systems
Anther Culture, Haploids, Embryo Rescue and Somaclonal Variations
Direct/Physical Gene Transfer: Biolistics, Electroporation and Chemical Methods
Plant Physiology / Crop Physiology
14 Topics
Plant Water Relations: Water Potential, Osmotic Pressure, Apoplast/Symplast and Transpiration
Abiotic Stress Physiology: Drought, Salinity, Temperature Extremes and Postharvest Physiology
Photosynthesis: Light Harvesting, Photosystems, Z-Scheme and Electron Transport
Plant Growth Regulators: Auxins, Gibberellins and Cytokinins
Mineral Nutrition: Essential Macro/Micro Nutrients, Uptake Mechanisms and Deficiency Symptoms
Photorespiration (C2 Cycle), Limiting Factors and Light Compensation Points
Carbon Assimilation: C3 Calvin Cycle, C4 Dicarboxylic Pathway and CAM Plants
Growth Analysis Parameters: LAI, CGR, RGR, NAR, HI and Water Use Efficiency (WUE)
Seed Physiology: Development, Orthodox/Recalcitrant Classification, Dormancy and Germination
Photomorphogenesis: Phytochromes (Pr/Pfr), Cryptochromes and Photoperiodism
Stress Hormones and Growth Inhibitors: Ethylene, Abscisic Acid, Brassinosteroids and Strigolactones
Vernalization, Flowering Physiology and Biological Clocks
Plant Respiration: Glycolytic Flux, Pentose Shunt and Alternative Oxidase (AOX) Pathway
Phloem Translocation: Source-Sink Dynamics, Phloem Loading and Unloading
Official PYQ Papers
Previous Year Papers of Plant Biotechnology
Practice official shift-wise question papers with answer keys and detailed explanations on the actual exam pattern.
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Total Available
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