Q.45
ICAR AIEEA PG Dairy Technology 09 July 2023 (Shift 1) Paper
MCQ (Single Correct) +4 −1

Who among the following introduced the basic principle of preserving unsweetened condensed milk by heat sterilization?

निम्नलिखित में से किसने ताप निर्जीवीकरण (heat sterilization) द्वारा बिना मीठे संघनित दूध (unsweetened condensed milk) के संरक्षण के मूल सिद्धांत की शुरुआत की?

Historical pioneers in preserved milks:

  • Gail Borden patented sweetened condensed milk preservation using sugar as preservative in vacuum pans (1856).
  • Charles Page (Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company) established commercial condensed milk operations in Europe.
  • Nicolas Appert pioneered the fundamental concept of food canning and hermetic sealing in bottles (1810).
  • John B. Meyenberg patented the industrial process of preserving unsweetened condensed milk (evaporated milk) through in-can steam sterilization under pressure in 1884, founding the evaporated milk industry (Pet Milk Company).
Therefore, option 4 (John B. Meyenberg) is the correct answer.

संरक्षित दूध के ऐतिहासिक प्रणेता:

  • गेल बोर्डेन ने 1856 में चीनी मिलाकर मीठा संघनित दूध बनाने का पेटेंट कराया था।
  • चार्ल्स पेज ने यूरोप में संघनित दूध का व्यावसायिक उत्पादन शुरू किया।
  • निकोलस एपर्ट ने सामान्य डिब्बाबंदी की नींव रखी।
  • जॉन बी. मायनबर्ग (John B. Meyenberg) ने 1884 में डिब्बों में दबावयुक्त भाप द्वारा निर्जीवीकरण करके बिना मीठे संघनित दूध (वाष्पीकृत दूध) के संरक्षण की प्रक्रिया का आविष्कार और पेटेंट कराया।
अतः विकल्प 4 सही उत्तर है।
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Fluid Milk Processing, Dairy Products Manufacture, Sensory Evaluation & Packaging

17 Topics
Packaging Materials & Systems: Flexible Laminates, Aseptic Packaging, MAP, Vacuum Packaging & Quality Evaluation Thermal Processing of Fluid Milk: LTLT, HTST Pasteurization, UHT, Sterilization & ESL Systems Technology of Frozen Dairy Desserts: Ice Cream Mix Formulation, Freezing, Overrun, Hardening & Novelties Dairy By-Product Utilization & Whey Processing: Casein, Caseinates, Whey Powder, WPC, WPI & Lactose Recovery Sensory Evaluation of Dairy Products: Discrimination Tests, Hedonic Scaling, Scoring Systems & Flavor Defect Profiling Concentrated Milks: Evaporated Milk, Sweetened Condensed Milk, Standardization & Pilot Sterilization Active Fluid Milk Reception, Chilling, Clarification, Standardization & Homogenization Ghee Technology: Traditional, Cream-Butter, Pre-Stratification & Continuous Methods, Packaging & AGMARK Dried Milks: Roller & Spray Drying, Atomization, Powder Properties, Instantization & Specialty Infant Formulas Cheese Manufacture: Coagulation, Curd Handling, Cheddaring, Pressing, Salting & Curing of Hard & Semi-Hard Cheeses Butter Technology: Batch Churning, Continuous Butter Making (CBM), Working, Salting & Rheology Traditional Heat-Desiccated & Acid-Coagulated Indian Dairy Products: Khoa, Paneer, Chhana & Their Sweets Membrane Filtration in Dairy Processing: Reverse Osmosis (RO), Nanofiltration (NF), Ultrafiltration (UF) & Microfiltration (MF) Soft, Acid-Coagulated & Mold-Ripened Cheeses: Cottage, Mozzarella, Camembert, Roquefort & Fresh Cheeses Technology of Fermented & Probiotic Milks: Dahi, Yoghurt, Cultured Buttermilk, Lassi, Kefir & Koumiss Technology of Fat-Rich Products: Cream Separation, Processing, Neutralization & Cream Varieties Traditional Fermented, Fat-Rich & Frozen Indian Dairy Confections: Shrikhand, Rabri, Kulfi & Ghee Residue
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